Dental fillings are a common way to restore teeth that have been damaged by decay. When you need a filling, there are several options to consider, and the type of filling you choose can affect your long-term dental health.
Two of the most common types of fillings are composite and amalgam. Composite fillings are tooth-colored, so they blend in with your natural teeth. Amalgam fillings, on the other hand, are silver-colored.
So, how do you decide between composite vs amalgam? The best choice depends on several factors, including aesthetics, durability, cost, and any potential health concerns. Let’s take a closer look.
What are composite and amalgam fillings?
Both composite and amalgam fillings are used to fill teeth that have been damaged by decay. But that’s where the similarities end.
Amalgam fillings
Amalgam fillings are a blend of metals, including silver, tin, copper, and mercury. Because of their silver color, they’re often called “silver fillings.” Amalgam has been used in dentistry for about 150 years.
Amalgam has a long history as a strong and durable filling material, and it’s often less expensive than other options.
Composite fillings
Composite fillings are made of a resin and glass filler and are designed to match the color of your teeth. For that reason, they’re often referred to as “tooth-colored” fillings.
Composite fillings are newer to dentistry than amalgam, but they’ve been gaining popularity since the 1960s and are now the go-to material for filling cavities.
What are the advantages of amalgam fillings?
Amalgam fillings have been around for about 150 years. They’re often a good solution for people looking for affordable and durable dental work. Some of the main advantages of amalgam fillings include:
- Durability: With proper care, they can last for more than 10 years.
- Cost: They’re typically cheaper than composite fillings.
- Strength: They can fill larger cavities and withstand a lot of chewing.
What are the downsides of amalgam fillings?
Although amalgam fillings are long-lasting and relatively inexpensive, they have some downsides:
- Appearance: Their silver color doesn’t blend in with your teeth.
- Tooth structure: Dentists may need to remove more of your natural tooth to fit an amalgam filling.
- Discoloration: Amalgam can stain your teeth.
- Mercury: Though the American Dental Association has declared them safe, some people worry about the mercury in amalgam fillings and possible allergic reactions.
What are the advantages of composite fillings?
Composite fillings offer several advantages over amalgam fillings:
- Aesthetics: Composite fillings are tooth-colored, so they blend in. This makes them a popular choice for cosmetic reasons.
- Bonding: Composites bond well to your tooth enamel, which strengthens the tooth.
- Less Tooth Removal: To place a composite filling, your dentist might not have to remove as much of your healthy tooth.
- Versatility: Composite fillings work for both front and back teeth.
What are the disadvantages of composite fillings?
While composite fillings offer cosmetic advantages, they also have a few drawbacks:
- Durability: Composites aren’t as tough as amalgam fillings. They usually last around 5 to 10 years.
- Cost: You’ll typically pay more for a composite filling than you would for an amalgam.
- Sensitivity: Some people feel some tooth sensitivity after getting a composite filling, though it usually fades in a few weeks.
- Shorter lifespan: In general, composite fillings don’t last as long as amalgam fillings.
Factors to consider when choosing a filling
When you’re trying to decide between an amalgam and a composite filling, there are several things to keep in mind:
- Location. If the filling will be visible when you smile, you may want to prioritize aesthetics. If the filling is for a back tooth, strength and durability are often the most important factors.
- Aesthetic needs. Because they blend in with your natural teeth, composite fillings are generally preferred for visible areas.
- Cost and insurance coverage. Amalgam fillings are usually more affordable. However, some dental insurance plans may cover composite fillings for front teeth.
- Medical history and allergies. If you have allergies, be sure to talk with your dentist about the possibility of a reaction to either type of filling.
- Patient priorities. Think about what’s most important to you. Are you more concerned about appearance, price, or possible health issues?
What to expect during a filling procedure
The filling procedure is generally the same regardless of whether you choose composite or amalgam. The dentist will numb the area, remove any decay, and fill the hole with the filling material. Then, they’ll polish the filled tooth.
Both composite and amalgam fillings are safe and effective, and your dentist can usually complete the procedure in a single visit.
How do I care for my dental fillings?
Regardless of the type of filling you choose, make sure you:
- Maintain good oral hygiene with regular brushing and flossing
- Schedule regular check-ups with your dentist
- Avoid grinding or clenching your teeth
- See your dentist if you experience any sensitivity or pain
Closing Thoughts
Composite fillings look like your natural teeth but may not last as long as other fillings. Amalgam fillings are strong and less expensive, but they’re also more noticeable in your mouth.
The best choice for you depends on your particular needs and preferences, so it’s always a good idea to talk with your dentist about your options. Together, you can decide what’s best for your oral health and your smile.
No matter which type of filling you choose, remember that good oral hygiene is essential. The better you care for your teeth, the longer your fillings will last.