Look around almost any city or town, and you’ll see concrete and asphalt everywhere. These are the two workhorses of modern infrastructure, the go-to materials for pavements, driveways, and walkways.
So, what’s the difference between concrete and pavement (which is usually asphalt)? This article will break down the key differences, weighing the pros and cons of each material.
The best choice for your project often depends on a number of factors, including cost, how long you need it to last, the local climate, how much maintenance you’re willing to do, and, of course, how you want it to look.
Key Differences Between Asphalt and Concrete
While both asphalt and concrete are paving materials, they’re not the same thing. Here’s a breakdown of some of the important differences.
Composition and Manufacturing
Asphalt is a mixture of rocks and gravel held together with a binder, along with asphalt cement, which is made from petroleum.
To make asphalt, these ingredients are heated and mixed together.
Concrete, on the other hand, is a composite material made of cement, rocks and gravel, and water.
Rather than drying, concrete hardens through a chemical process called hydration.
Appearance
Asphalt is usually black and has a smooth surface when it’s first put down.
Concrete is typically gray, though it can be colored, and it can be textured in all sorts of ways.
How durable are asphalt and concrete?
When it comes to driveways and other surfaces, durability is key. Here’s a quick look at how asphalt and concrete stack up against each other.
Lifespan
With proper care and maintenance, an asphalt driveway can last up to 30 years. Concrete, on the other hand, can potentially last up to 50 years.
Compressive Strength
Concrete is known for its high compressive strength, typically around 6,000 PSI (pounds per square inch). Asphalt doesn’t have nearly that much compressive strength.
Resistance to Cracking
Asphalt is more flexible than concrete, so it tends to hold up better in colder climates where freeze-thaw cycles can cause cracking. Concrete is more susceptible to cracking, especially if it’s not properly sealed and maintained.
Traffic Volume
If you’re expecting a lot of traffic, concrete is generally the better choice because of its superior strength and durability. Asphalt can deform under heavy loads over time, leading to ruts and other issues.
Maintenance and repair: asphalt vs. concrete
Both asphalt and concrete require regular maintenance to stay in good shape, but the type and frequency of maintenance differ.
Asphalt maintenance
Asphalt needs to be sealed every 3 to 5 years to protect it from water damage and cracking. Fortunately, cracks in asphalt are pretty easy to repair with patching compounds you can buy at any home improvement store.
Concrete maintenance
Concrete can also be sealed to protect it from stains and damage. But unlike asphalt, sealing concrete is optional. If you choose to seal it, you only have to do it every 5 to 10 years.
The downside is that concrete repairs tend to be more complex and may require help from a professional.
Repair costs
Asphalt repairs are generally less expensive than concrete repairs, but with either material, it’s always best to address any damage quickly before it gets any worse.
If sections of concrete are damaged beyond repair, replacing those sections can be quite costly.
Cost comparison: asphalt vs. concrete
When you’re making a paving decision, cost is often a major factor. Here’s a look at how asphalt and concrete stack up.
Installation costs
Asphalt typically costs $6 to $9 per square foot to install.
Concrete installation runs a little higher, typically between $8 and $15 per square foot for a basic installation. If you want to customize your concrete with colors, stamping, or other design features, the price will go up from there.
Long-term costs
With asphalt, the initial price tag is lower, but you may end up paying more over the years. Asphalt requires regular maintenance, and those costs can add up.
Concrete has a higher upfront cost, but it lasts longer and requires less maintenance, so you may save money in the long run.
Appearance and Customization Options
If you’re particular about how your driveway or patio looks, the appearance and customization options of concrete and asphalt may factor into your decision.
Asphalt Appearance
Asphalt is usually black, and there’s not much you can do to change that.
Concrete Appearance
Concrete, on the other hand, offers a wide range of customization options, including stamped patterns, colors, and decorative aggregates that can be exposed for a unique look.
You can stain, dye, or texturize concrete to create one-of-a-kind designs. If you’re looking for a paving material that allows for a high degree of personalization, concrete is generally the better choice.
Climate Considerations for Asphalt and Concrete
The climate in your area can play a big role in how well asphalt and concrete will perform over the long haul.
Asphalt in Different Climates
Asphalt is more flexible than concrete, so it tends to do better in colder climates. It can expand and contract in response to temperature changes, which is important when temperatures drop below freezing.
Concrete in Different Climates
Concrete is more vulnerable to cracking in places that have a lot of freeze-thaw cycles. If it’s not properly sealed and maintained, water can seep into tiny cracks, freeze, expand, and ultimately cause the concrete to crumble.
In warmer climates, concrete’s rigidness and durability can make it an excellent choice, so long as it’s properly installed.
DIY vs. Professional Installation
You can install both concrete and asphalt pavement yourself, but you’ll usually get better results if you hire a professional.
Professional paving companies have the know-how and equipment to prep the area properly, pour the material correctly, and finish the surface in a way that will last.
Poor installation almost always leads to premature failure and costly repairs down the road, so it’s something to consider.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is concrete more expensive than pavement?
Generally, yes. Concrete installations usually have higher upfront costs compared to asphalt pavement. This is due to the materials themselves and the labor involved in the installation process. However, concrete’s longer lifespan and lower maintenance requirements can sometimes make it more cost-effective in the long run.
Which is better, concrete or asphalt?
That really depends on the specific application and your priorities. Asphalt is often preferred for roads and large parking lots due to its flexibility and lower cost. Concrete is a great choice for driveways, patios, and high-traffic areas where durability and aesthetics are important. So, “better” is subjective!
Is pavement the same as concrete?
Not quite! “Pavement” is a broad term that refers to any durable surface covering a road or walkway. Concrete is a type of pavement, but so is asphalt, cobblestone, and even brick. So, concrete is a subset within the larger category of pavement materials.
What is better paving or concrete
Paving is a broad term that encompasses various surfacing options, including concrete. So, asking “what is better paving or concrete” is like asking “what is better, flooring or hardwood?” Concrete is one type of paving material. The choice depends on factors like budget, intended use, aesthetic preferences, and climate conditions.
Summary
Asphalt is generally less expensive to install and repair, offers a darker appearance, and is more flexible in colder temperatures. Concrete, on the other hand, is more durable, requires less maintenance over time, provides a lighter color, and holds up better in hotter climates. However, concrete can be more expensive upfront, and repairs can be more complicated.
Ultimately, the best choice between asphalt and concrete depends on your budget, the climate where you live, the look you prefer, and how much maintenance you’re willing to do.
It’s also wise to think about long-term costs and get advice from a paving professional before making a final decision. With proper installation and regular maintenance, both asphalt and concrete can provide you with a durable, safe, and attractive surface for years to come.