Kebab and shawarma are two of the most popular Middle Eastern dishes. They’re loved worldwide and often mentioned in the same breath, but what are the differences?
This article breaks down the nuances between the two, including how they’re made, how they’re served, and where they came from.
Defining Kebab: A Broad Culinary Category
The word “kebab” comes to us from a word that means “grilled” or “roasted meat.” The term refers to a wide array of dishes featuring meat cooked over a flame.
Preparation Methods
Kebabs typically contain ground meat mixed with flour or breadcrumbs and various spices. You can pan-fry them, grill them, or even cook them in a tandoor.
Shawarma: A Specific Type of Kebab
Shawarma is actually a specific type of doner kebab, prepared in a particular way. To make shawarma, meat is stacked on a vertical spit, which then rotates in front of a heat source to cook the meat evenly.
The word “shawarma” comes from a Turkish word that means “turning,” a reference to the way the meat is cooked.
Think of it this way: all shawarma is kebab, but not all kebab is shawarma. Shawarma is just one particular style of kebab.
Serving Styles: Key Differences
Both kebabs and shawarma are popular dishes, but they’re served in very different ways.
Kebab Serving Styles
You might find a kebab served on a skewer, or the meat might be served on a plate, sometimes with bread on the side. Kebabs are often part of a larger meal.
Shawarma Serving Styles
Shawarma is almost always served as a wrap. Thinly sliced meat is stuffed into a pita or similar type of flatbread.
Toppings and Accompaniments
Shawarma wraps often include toppings and sides that highlight Middle Eastern flavors. Some of the most popular include tabbouleh, tomato, fattoush, taboon bread, cucumber, tahini, hummus, and pickled turnips.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between doner and kebab?
“Kebab” is a broad term encompassing various cooked meat dishes. “Doner” specifically refers to meat cooked on a vertical rotisserie, shaved, and typically served in a pita or wrap. So, a doner is a type of kebab.
Which came first, shawarma or kebab?
The history is a little murky, but most food historians believe the kebab predates shawarma. The concept of cooking meat on skewers has ancient roots, while the vertical rotisserie technique used for shawarma and doner kebab is a more recent innovation, likely appearing in the 19th century.
What is the difference between chicken shawarma and doner kebabs?
While both are cooked on a vertical rotisserie and shaved, the main difference often lies in the seasoning and regional variations. Shawarma typically incorporates Middle Eastern spices, while doner kebab often has a Turkish or German influence. The sauces and accompaniments also vary.
Is shawarma the same as kebab?
Not exactly. Shawarma, like doner, is a specific type of kebab. It’s characterized by its preparation style (vertical rotisserie), the types of meat used (often lamb, chicken, or beef), and its distinct blend of Middle Eastern spices. So, all shawarma is kebab, but not all kebab is shawarma.
In Summary
Kebabs and shawarma are both delicious, but they’re prepared and served differently. Kebabs are grilled, while shawarma is slow-cooked on a rotating spit and then sliced.
Although the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, it’s more accurate to think of shawarma as a particular kind of kebab.
Whether you prefer kebabs or shawarma, be sure to try both and appreciate the amazing variety of flavors Middle Eastern cuisine has to offer.