Movie Script vs Screenplay: Key Differences & Writing Tips

Movie Script vs. Screenplay: What’s the Difference?

Storytelling is one of humanity’s oldest art forms, and it manifests in countless ways. From novels and plays to films and TV shows, the possibilities are endless. But each medium demands a particular approach to writing. For example, the way you write a stage play is very different from the way you write a television episode.

With so many different forms, it can be easy to get confused about terminology. What’s the difference between a “script” and a “screenplay,” anyway? Are they the same thing? If not, how do they differ?

This article will help you sort it all out. We’ll clarify what “screenplay” and “script” actually mean, and we’ll highlight the key differences between the two. By the end, you’ll have a solid understanding of when to use each term and how to approach writing both types of documents.

What is a Screenplay?

A screenplay is a script written specifically for a movie or TV show. Think of it as a blueprint for telling a story visually.

It’s a detailed document that directors, actors, and the entire production crew use to bring a film or show to life.

Screenplays really focus on the visual aspects of a story and how to tell it using film techniques. They describe scenes, actions, and even camera angles, emphasizing showing the story rather than just telling it.

Key Elements of a Screenplay

A good screenplay has several key ingredients:

• Character Development: You need characters that are well-developed, with detailed backstories and carefully crafted personalities.
• Structure: Screenplays usually follow a specific structure, often a three-act structure (setup, confrontation, resolution). Plot points are key to connecting scenes logically.
• Plot: The sequence of events that moves the story forward. Each scene should have a purpose, and action scenes can really drive the narrative.
• Dialogue: The conversations between characters. The dialogue should be specific and contribute to the story, avoiding anything unnecessary or repetitive.
• Production Design: The visual elements of the film, including set design, costumes, and props. Screenplays sometimes include descriptions of these elements to help set the scene.

What is a script?

The word “script” is a broader term than “screenplay.” It can refer to any written work intended to be performed, whether live or recorded. Scripts aren’t just for movies and TV. They’re used for:

• Plays
• Radio dramas
• Video games
• Even corporate training videos

Scripts are more adaptable than screenplays, and they don’t always require the same rigid formatting. A script’s format depends entirely on the medium it’s written for.

While scripts include both dialogue and action, they tend to emphasize dialogue and character interactions. Action descriptions may be less detailed than in a screenplay. For example, stage plays rely heavily on scripts to guide actors and provide stage directions, while radio dramas use scripts to create vivid experiences using only sound.

Key Differences Between a Screenplay and a Script

While the terms “screenplay” and “script” are often used interchangeably, there are some key differences between the two. Here’s a breakdown:

Intended Medium

Screenplays are written with film and television in mind. They’re designed to tell a story visually, with less reliance on dialogue alone.

Scripts, on the other hand, are more versatile. They can be adapted for a wider range of media, including stage plays, radio dramas, video games, and even corporate training videos.

Formatting and Structure

Screenplays are known for their rigid formatting. They must adhere to strict conventions regarding font (Courier New), margins, line spacing, and the way scene headings, action lines, and dialogue blocks are presented. This standardization makes them easy for industry professionals to read and understand.

Scripts offer more flexibility in formatting. The specific formatting will depend on the medium for which the script is intended. A play script, for example, will have a different format than a radio script.

Level of Detail

Screenplays tend to be highly detailed, providing vivid descriptions of the visuals and actions taking place on screen. Camera angles, shot types (close-up, wide shot), and detailed scene settings are often included to help the director and cinematographer visualize the story.

Scripts may contain less detailed descriptions, placing more emphasis on dialogue and character interactions. The visual aspects are often left to the director’s or designer’s interpretation.

Length and Perspective

Screenplays are often longer than scripts for other mediums. A feature-length screenplay, also known as a shooting script, typically ranges from 80 to 130 pages.

Screenplays are almost always written in the third person, focusing on what the audience will see and hear. Scripts, especially those for stage plays, can be written in the first person to provide a more intimate and subjective experience.

Purpose and Submission

Screenplays are usually submitted directly to producers, directors, and studio executives for production consideration. The goal is to get the screenplay optioned and eventually made into a film or TV show.

Scripts for other mediums might be submitted for feedback or development. They might be used in workshops, readings, or rehearsals to refine the story and performance before a final production.

How to Write a Screenplay: A Step-by-Step Guide

Want to try your hand at writing a screenplay? Here’s how to get started:

Step 1: Brainstorm and Outline

Start by thinking about ideas and concepts. What kinds of stories do you like? What characters and settings are interesting to you? Then, create a detailed outline of your story. Map out the plot points, scenes, and acts so you know where you’re going.

Step 2: Develop Characters

Think carefully about your characters. What are their personalities like? What are their motivations? Create detailed backstories so you understand what makes them tick. Give each character unique traits, flaws, and goals. Make them real.

Step 3: Structure Your Story

Most screenplays follow a three-act structure: the setup, the confrontation, and the resolution. Determine the key plot points and connect the scenes logically, making sure each scene moves the story forward.

Step 4: Write the First Draft

Now it’s time to get the story down on paper (or, more likely, on your computer screen). Just focus on getting the story out. Don’t worry too much about perfection at this stage. You can always fix it later.

Step 5: Revise and Edit

Once you have a first draft, review the screenplay for clarity, pacing, and consistency. Does it make sense? Does it drag in places? Are the characters acting in character? Seek feedback from other writers or industry professionals. A fresh pair of eyes can often spot things you’ve missed.

How to Write a Script: A Flexible Approach

There’s no one “right” way to write a script, but here’s a flexible approach that might work for you:

1. Brainstorm Ideas: Start by exploring different concepts and themes. Think about the target audience and the medium you’re writing for. What kind of story do you want to tell, and who do you want to tell it to?
2. Outline Your Story: Create a basic structure for your script. What are the key scenes and plot points? Think of this as a roadmap for your story, helping you stay on track as you write.
3. Create Characters: Develop well-defined characters with unique personalities. What are their relationships to each other? What motivates them? Make sure your characters feel real and believable.
4. Choose a Format: Choose a format that’s suitable for the medium you’re working in. For example, a screenplay has a very specific format that’s different from a stage play or a radio drama. Research the standard formatting conventions for your chosen medium.
5. Write and Edit: Now it’s time to write! Focus on dialogue and action. Don’t worry about making it perfect on the first try. Once you have a draft, revise and edit for clarity, pacing, and consistency. Cut out anything that doesn’t serve the story.

Remember, writing is a process. Be patient with yourself, and don’t be afraid to experiment. The most important thing is to tell your story in a way that’s engaging and compelling.

Tips for Writing Scripts and Screenplays

So you want to write a script or screenplay? Here’s some advice:

• Start early. Don’t rush the process. Developing a story takes time. Give yourself the space you need to create something great.
• Know your audience. Are you writing a script for children, adults, or a specific demographic? Tailor your writing to suit their interests and understanding.
• Keep it simple. Don’t overcomplicate things. The best stories are often the most straightforward.
• Use short sentences. Long, convoluted sentences can confuse readers. Keep your sentences concise and to the point for maximum clarity.
• Include details. Use vivid descriptions to bring your story to life. Engage the reader’s senses and create a strong mental picture.
• Be original. Don’t be afraid to break the mold and try something new. The most memorable stories are often the most unique.
• Avoid plot holes. Make sure your story is logical and consistent. Nothing ruins a good story faster than a glaring plot hole.
• Write specific dialogue. Make your characters sound like real people. Give them unique voices and mannerisms.
• Have fun with it. Writing should be enjoyable. If you’re not having fun, your audience won’t either.

Frequently Asked Questions

Final Thoughts

So, what’s the difference between a movie script and a screenplay? Screenplays are the blueprints for films and TV shows. They stick to a rigid format and focus on the visual aspects of storytelling. Scripts, on the other hand, are used for a wider variety of media and have more flexible formatting rules. They often put a greater emphasis on dialogue.

Understanding the medium for which you are writing is essential. Think about your target audience and the platform where your story will be told. A stage play, a short film on YouTube, and a network television drama all require different approaches.

If you’re an aspiring writer, don’t be afraid to experiment and hone your skills. Writing is a craft that takes practice and dedication. The more you write, the better you’ll become at bringing your stories to life, no matter the medium.