In recent years, PU leather has become a widely used substitute for genuine leather. From the clothes we wear to the furniture we sit on, PU leather is everywhere. As more and more consumers demand cruelty-free, affordable alternatives to animal products, PU leather has risen in popularity.
This article provides a comprehensive overview of what PU leather is, its properties, how it’s used, and how it stacks up against real leather. We’ll also clear up some of the confusion surrounding PU leather and other kinds of faux leather.
Marketing terms like “pleather,” “vegan leather,” and “bonded leather” can be misleading and confusing. So, we’ll address those, too.
Here’s what we’ll cover:
- What PU leather is made of
- How PU leather is manufactured
- How PU leather compares to genuine leather and other faux leathers
- Pros and cons of PU leather
- How to identify and care for PU leather
- The environmental impact of PU leather
What is PU leather, anyway?
You’ve probably seen the term “PU leather” used in product descriptions, but what does it actually mean?
Defining PU leather
PU leather is a synthetic material made from polyurethane, a type of thermoplastic polymer designed to look and feel like real leather.
To make PU leather, manufacturers typically coat a base fabric, like cotton or polyester, with a layer of polyurethane. This backing adds strength and structure to the material.
PU leather vs. other faux leathers
It’s helpful to know how PU leather compares to other types of faux leather, particularly PVC (vinyl) leather.
In general, PVC leather is stiffer and doesn’t breathe as well as PU leather. Naugahyde, a common material in furniture, is one type of PVC leather.
There are other faux leather options as well. For example, silicone leather, or sileather, is a relative newcomer to the market.
It’s important to remember that “faux leather” is a broad category that includes many different synthetic leather alternatives, including PU leather.
How is PU leather made?
PU leather starts with a base fabric. Manufacturers then coat this fabric with polyurethane, a type of plastic polymer. This coating gives the material its leather-like qualities.
To make it look even more like real leather, the coated fabric is embossed or textured. This creates the grain pattern you often see. Dyes and finishes are added to achieve the desired color and overall look.
The quality and durability of PU leather can vary depending on the specific manufacturing techniques used. For example, some PU leather is made using solvents, while others use water-based processes. Water-based PU is generally considered more environmentally friendly.
The thickness and quality of the polyurethane layer also play a big role. A thicker, higher-quality layer will usually result in a more durable and longer-lasting product.
PU Leather vs. Genuine Leather: A Detailed Comparison
So, how does PU leather stack up against the real deal? Here’s a breakdown of the key differences between PU leather and genuine leather:
Appearance and Texture
PU leather tends to have a very consistent, uniform look. Because it’s manufactured, it lacks the natural imperfections and variations you’d find in real leather. Real leather, on the other hand, develops a unique patina—a sort of sheen or character—over time, which many people find appealing.
Durability and Lifespan
Real leather is generally tougher and will last longer than PU leather. With proper care, a genuine leather product can easily last for 10 to 20 years, maybe longer. PU leather, on the other hand, is more likely to crack, peel, or tear, especially if it gets a lot of use or is exposed to extreme temperatures.
Breathability and Comfort
Real leather breathes better than PU leather, allowing for better air circulation. This means that real leather is less likely to feel sticky or uncomfortable in hot weather. PU leather, because it’s not as breathable, can sometimes feel a bit clammy against the skin.
Maintenance and Cleaning
PU leather is easier to care for than real leather. Usually, all you need is a little mild soap and water to keep it clean. Real leather requires more regular conditioning to stay supple and prevent it from drying out and cracking.
Price
One of the biggest advantages of PU leather is its price. It’s significantly cheaper than real leather, making it an appealing choice if you’re on a budget.
PU leather: The good and the not-so-good
Like most things in life, PU leather has both advantages and disadvantages. Here’s a quick rundown:
Pros
- Affordable. Polyurethane leather is easier on the wallet than real leather.
- Vegan. No animals are involved in the creation of PU leather.
- Easy to clean. Soap and water will usually do the trick.
- Water resistant. PU leather stands up to water better than real leather.
- Consistent look. The color and texture are uniform across the material.
Cons
- Less durable. It won’t last as long as the real thing.
- Not breathable. It can feel sticky or uncomfortable against the skin, especially in warm weather.
- Prone to damage. Cracking, peeling, and tearing are all potential problems.
- Environmental impact. The manufacturing process uses synthetic materials and chemicals that can be harmful.
- Lower perceived value. It doesn’t have the same cachet or luxurious feel as genuine leather.
How can you tell if it’s PU leather?
It can be hard to distinguish real leather from PU leather. Here are a few tests you can try:
- The water test: Real leather soaks up water; PU leather is water-resistant.
- The smell test: Real leather has a very distinctive, natural smell. PU leather smells like chemicals or plastic.
- The texture test: Real leather has imperfections and variations. PU leather has a uniform, repeating pattern.
- The label test: Check the product label to see what it’s made of.
- The price test: PU leather is almost always cheaper than real leather.
Vegan Leather and PU Leather: What’s the Connection?
You’ll often see PU leather marketed as “vegan leather,” but what does that really mean? “Vegan leather” simply refers to any material that looks like leather but isn’t made from animal products. That could be anything from plastic to plants.
However, not all vegan leathers are created equal. Some are pretty innovative. For example, you can now find vegan leather made from pineapple leaves (called Piñatex), apple peels, or even mushrooms!
So, if you’re looking for a vegan alternative to leather, it’s worth doing a little digging. Don’t just assume “vegan leather” means it’s good for the environment. Research the specific material used in the product to understand its properties and how it impacts the planet.
Is PU leather more sustainable than real leather?
Both PU leather and real leather have environmental costs. Real leather production is part of the animal agriculture industry, which is a major source of greenhouse gasses. It can also contribute to deforestation and water pollution.
PU leather is a synthetic material that depends on chemical processes. So, it has its own environmental consequences.
Consumers are increasingly interested in sustainable leather alternatives, such as plant-based leathers, recycled materials, and cutting-edge manufacturing methods. When buying products, it’s always a good idea to think about the whole life cycle of the item. Where did the materials come from? How was it made? How long will it last? Can it be recycled?
What is PU leather used for?
You’ll find PU leather in a wide range of products. Because it’s cheaper than real leather, manufacturers often use it to keep costs down.
Here are some common uses:
- Furniture upholstery: PU leather is easy to clean and resists water damage, which makes it a good choice for chairs and couches.
- Clothing and accessories: Jackets, bags, and shoes often use PU leather.
- Automotive interiors: Car seats and dashboards can be made with PU leather.
- Electronics cases: You’ll often find PU leather protecting tablets and laptops.
- Bookbindings: PU leather offers a durable and attractive book cover.
In Closing
PU leather is a synthetic alternative to genuine leather. It has both advantages and disadvantages. PU leather is generally more affordable, easier to maintain, and available in a wider range of colors and textures. However, it typically isn’t as durable or breathable as genuine leather.
When comparing PU leather and genuine leather, key differences emerge in durability, breathability, maintenance requirements, price point, and environmental impact. Genuine leather tends to be more durable and breathable, but it also comes with a higher price tag and requires more specialized care.
When you’re trying to decide between PU leather and genuine leather, think about what matters most to you. Are you concerned about durability? What’s your budget? Do you have ethical concerns about using animal products? How do you plan to use the item?
Understanding the different types of leather and faux leather available will help you make informed purchasing decisions. Don’t assume all “leather” products are the same. Some may be split-grain leather, bonded leather, or PU leather.
Before you buy, take the time to research specific products and materials. This will help you choose items that meet your needs and align with your values.