What is PU leather?
PU leather is a man-made material designed to look and feel like real leather. This synthetic alternative has become increasingly popular in recent years. You can find it in everything from clothing and accessories to furniture and even car interiors.
Although it mimics leather, PU leather has some key differences. It’s generally less expensive than real leather, can be more durable in some applications, and often has a smaller environmental footprint. However, it’s important to note that the quality of PU leather can vary significantly.
So, what exactly is “PU leather,” and how does it stack up against the real thing? This article provides a comprehensive overview of PU leather, exploring its properties, uses, and how it compares to other materials on the market. We’ll help you define “PU leather” and understand its place in the world of materials.
What exactly is PU leather?
PU leather, also known as polyurethane leather, is a synthetic material that’s made to look and feel like real leather. It consists of a base fabric (think cotton, polyester, or shredded leather scraps) that’s coated with a layer of flexible polyurethane.
You may also hear PU leather called “faux leather,” “leatherette,” or even “Koskin.” These terms are generally interchangeable, though sometimes “leatherette” implies a slightly higher grade of simulated leather.
How PU leather is made
The manufacturing process usually involves these four steps:
- Base fabric preparation. The base fabric is prepared and treated.
- Polyurethane coating. A layer of polyurethane is applied to the fabric.
- Coloring. The material is colored to the desired shade.
- Finishing. A finish is applied to give the PU leather its final look and feel.
Finally, the material is often embossed, or stamped, to mimic the texture of real leather hides, including exotic patterns.
Types of PU Leather
Not all PU leather is created equal. You’ll find different grades and textures depending on the item it’s meant to mimic.
Soft PU Leather
Soft PU leather is, well, soft! It’s more flexible and pliable than some of the other types of PU. Because it’s so comfortable to the touch, you’ll often see it in clothing and accessories.
Premium PU Leather
Premium PU leather gets a thicker coating during manufacturing and a deeper embossing to give it a more realistic leather-like look. This type of PU is more durable than others, so it’s a good choice for furniture and bags that you’ll be using every day.
PU Leather vs. PVC Leather
When it comes to synthetic leather, PU and PVC are the two main options you’ll find.
Composition and manufacturing
PU leather is made with polyurethane, while PVC leather uses polyvinyl chloride. The manufacturing processes differ, and so do their effects on the environment. PVC production is known to release harmful dioxins, while PU is generally considered a bit more eco-friendly, although neither is as sustainable as some natural alternatives.
Key Differences
So, what are the main differences you’ll notice?
- Durability: PU leather is usually more durable and flexible than PVC.
- Breathability: PU leather breathes better than PVC, which can feel a bit sticky or clammy against the skin.
- Applications: You’ll often find PU leather in clothing, upholstery, and bags, while PVC leather is commonly used in cheaper products or in situations where water resistance is a must.
Pros and cons of PU leather
Like any material, PU leather has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Here are some of the things to consider.
Advantages of PU leather
- Affordability. PU leather is much less expensive than real leather.
- Vegan-friendly. No animals are harmed in the production of PU leather, making it an appealing alternative for people who prefer not to buy animal products.
- Water resistance. PU leather is more water-resistant than real leather and easier to clean.
- Consistency. Because it’s manufactured, PU leather has a uniform appearance and doesn’t have the natural imperfections sometimes found in real leather.
- Versatility. PU leather can be manufactured in a wide range of colors and textures.
Disadvantages of PU leather
- Durability. PU leather is less durable than real leather.
- Longevity. It won’t last as long as real leather.
- Breathability. Real leather breathes better than PU leather.
- Environmental concerns. The manufacturing process for PU leather isn’t great for the environment.
So, while PU leather may be a good choice for some uses, it may not be the best choice if you’re looking for a product that will last a lifetime.
Is PU leather durable? Addressing concerns about peeling and cracking
Like most materials, the durability of PU leather depends on its quality and how it’s used. The thickness of the polyurethane coating and the depth of the embossing pattern can also affect how well it holds up over time.
One common complaint about PU leather is that it can start to peel. This peeling happens when the polyurethane coating starts to break down due to wear and tear.
Cracking can also be a problem. Over time, exposure to UV light, dryness, and just general wear can cause the material to crack, especially in areas that get a lot of use.
Luckily, there are steps you can take to keep your PU leather looking its best. Regular cleaning and conditioning can help prevent cracking by keeping the material supple and moisturized. It’s also a good idea to avoid placing PU leather items in direct sunlight or exposing them to extreme temperatures, as these conditions can accelerate the breakdown of the polyurethane.
How to tell if it’s PU leather
So, you’re wondering if that jacket is real leather or not? Here’s how to tell the difference:
- Check the tag. The tag might say “PU leather,” “faux leather,” or “man-made material.”
- Smell it. Real leather has a distinctive smell. PU leather usually smells like plastic or chemicals.
- Drip water on it. Real leather absorbs water. PU leather will repel it.
- Look closely at the texture. Real leather has natural variations and imperfections. PU leather usually has a uniform, almost artificial-looking texture.
- Consider the price. Real leather is almost always more expensive than PU leather.
What is PU leather used for?
PU leather is a versatile material used in a wide range of applications, including:
- Fashion. You’ll find PU leather in everything from jackets and skirts to handbags, wallets, and belts.
- Furniture. Many sofas, chairs, and other upholstered furniture pieces use PU leather.
- Automotive. Car seats, dashboards, and other interior parts are often made with PU leather.
- Footwear. Many shoes feature a “PU upper,” which means the exterior of the shoe is made with polyurethane.
- Bags. The pliability of PU leather allows for all sorts of inventive bag designs. Plus, manufacturers often reinforce the stitching and use sturdy hardware to improve the bag’s durability.
PU Leather vs. Genuine Leather: A Detailed Comparison
So, how does PU leather stack up against the real deal? Here’s a closer look at the differences between PU leather and genuine leather.
Material and Construction
Genuine leather comes from animal hides, typically cow, but also sheep, goat, and even exotic animals. PU leather, on the other hand, is entirely synthetic, made in a factory.
Durability and Lifespan
Real leather is significantly more resilient and is known for its ability to stand the test of time. Wallets, bags, and other products made from real leather can last anywhere from 10 to 20 years with proper care.
Appearance and Texture
Genuine leather has natural imperfections and develops a unique patina over time, which many people find desirable. PU leather has a uniform appearance and lacks these natural variations.
Breathability and Comfort
Real leather is breathable, allowing air to circulate. PU leather is less breathable, which can make it feel less comfortable against the skin.
Maintenance and Care
PU leather is easy to clean with just mild soap and water. Genuine leather, however, requires regular conditioning and specialized cleaning products to keep it in good condition.
Price
As mentioned earlier, PU leather is generally much more affordable than genuine leather, making it an attractive option for budget-conscious shoppers.
How sustainable is PU leather?
Making PU leather isn’t great for the environment. The process uses a lot of chemicals and fossil fuels, which can pollute the air and water.
Genuine leather also has environmental issues, mainly because of the way animals are raised and the tanning process, which uses toxic chemicals to preserve the leather.
When you’re deciding between PU and real leather, it’s a good idea to think about sustainability. Look for companies that are trying to reduce their impact on the environment, whether they’re using recycled materials, plant-based alternatives, or more eco-friendly tanning methods. By making informed choices, we can support more sustainable practices in the fashion industry.
How to care for PU leather
While PU leather is generally pretty durable, it still requires regular care to keep it looking its best. Here’s how to do it:
- Cleaning: Wipe down PU leather items regularly with a soft, damp cloth. For tougher stains, use a mild soap diluted in water. Avoid harsh chemicals, solvents, and abrasive cleaners, as these can damage the surface.
- Conditioning: While PU leather doesn’t dry out like real leather, conditioning can help keep it flexible and prevent cracking. Look for conditioners specifically designed for synthetic leather.
- Storage: Store PU leather items in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Prolonged exposure to sun can fade the color and cause the material to degrade.
Final Thoughts
PU leather is a synthetic material designed to look and feel like genuine leather. It has its own benefits and drawbacks, and it’s important to know what they are before you buy something made from PU leather.
When deciding between PU leather and real leather, consider what you need and what you like. Think about your budget, how long you want the item to last, and whether you have any environmental concerns. Also, keep in mind that PU leather can be a good choice if you want the look of leather without the cost or ethical issues.
By weighing all the factors, you can make an informed decision that suits your needs and preferences.