The Shetland Sheepdog (Sheltie) and the Collie are two herding breeds that are known for their intelligence and family-friendly nature. They’re both popular choices for people seeking a loyal companion or a capable working dog.
While they share some similarities, it’s important to remember that the Shetland Sheepdog and the Collie are distinct breeds, each with its own unique needs and characteristics. This article will give you a detailed comparison of the two, walking you through their origins, physical traits, temperament, training requirements, potential health concerns, and what kind of owner is best suited for each of these breeds.
So, if you’re trying to decide between a Shetland Sheepdog vs Collie, keep reading to learn more about the nuances of each breed.
Origins and History
The Shetland Sheepdog and the Collie share a common ancestry, but each breed has its own unique story.
Shetland Sheepdog Origins
The Sheltie hails from the Shetland Islands, a rugged archipelago northeast of Scotland. These little dogs were bred to herd the islands’ diminutive livestock: miniature sheep, ponies, and chickens. The breed is closely related to the Collie, which was brought to the islands and then downsized over time.
Over the years, the Sheltie’s development was influenced by various breeds, including the Border Collie, the King Charles Spaniel, and even the Pomeranian.
Collie Origins
The Collie’s story begins in Scotland and England, where they worked as herding dogs in the Scottish Highlands. These dogs were prized for their intelligence, stamina, and ability to manage flocks of sheep in challenging terrain.
The Collie has evolved into several distinct types, including the Rough Collie (think Lassie), the Smooth Collie (shorter coat), and the Border Collie (renowned for its herding skills).
Physical Characteristics: Size, Coat, and Appearance
While Shetland sheepdogs and collies share a passing resemblance, there are some key differences in their size, coat, and appearance.
Size Comparison
The most obvious difference is their size. Shelties are much smaller than collies. Shelties typically stand 13 to 16 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh between 15 and 25 pounds. Collies, on the other hand, are much larger, standing 22 to 26 inches tall and weighing 50 to 75 pounds.
Coat and Color Differences
Both breeds have a double coat, but the texture and density differ somewhat. Shelties have a profuse outer coat that is long and harsh, while the undercoat is short and furry. Collies have a dense outer coat that is smooth, with a soft, furry undercoat. Common colors for both breeds include sable and white, tri-color (black, white, and tan), and blue merle. Shelties also come in bi-black (black and white), while collies can be white.
Distinct Facial Features
Shelties have a wedge-shaped head with a refined muzzle and almond-shaped eyes, giving them a sweet, intelligent expression. Collies have a more elongated muzzle and slightly oblique eyes, giving them a more dignified appearance.
Temperament and Behavior
Both Shelties and Collies are known for their intelligence and devotion to their families, but their temperaments differ in some key ways.
General Temperament
Shelties are intelligent, loyal, affectionate, and sensitive dogs, but they can be reserved around people they don’t know. Collies, on the other hand, are gentle, friendly, and intelligent, with a reputation for being devoted family dogs.
Intelligence and Trainability
Shelties are eager to please, which makes them highly trainable. Collies are also intelligent but can be a little more independent, which can sometimes make training a challenge.
Energy and Exercise Needs
Shelties need about 30 to 60 minutes of exercise each day, while Collies need a bit more—about 1 to 2 hours of daily activity.
Barking and Vocalization
Shelties are known for being vocal, and they may require some training to manage their barking habits. Collies tend to be less vocal than Shelties.
Training and Mental Stimulation
Both Shelties and Collies are whip-smart and eager to please, so training is a joy. Here are some general tips for training either breed:
- Start early. Be sure to socialize your puppy early to help them gain confidence and prevent behavioral problems down the road.
- Positive reinforcement is key. Both breeds respond well to positive reinforcement. Use treats, praise, and toys to reward good behavior.
- Be consistent. Consistency is essential in training. Use the same commands and hand signals every time.
Because they’re so bright, both Shelties and Collies need plenty of mental stimulation to keep them from becoming bored and destructive.
For Shelties, puzzle toys, training games, and interactive activities are great options.
Collies also benefit from activities that challenge their intelligence and let them indulge their herding instincts. You might consider agility training, herding trials, or even just teaching them new tricks.
Both Shelties and Collies can excel in herding and other dog sports, so if you’re looking for a way to channel their energy and intelligence, dog sports are a great option. You might want to try agility, obedience, or even flyball.
Health and Lifespan
When it comes to health and longevity, both Shelties and Collies share some similarities, but also have their own unique challenges.
Lifespan
The good news is that both breeds tend to live fairly long lives. You can typically expect a Shetland Sheepdog or a Collie to live for around 12 to 14 years.
Common Health Issues
Like all breeds, Shelties and Collies are prone to certain health problems. Shelties can sometimes develop hip dysplasia, various eye problems, and Von Willebrand’s disease (a blood-clotting disorder). Collies are known for Collie eye anomaly (a congenital eye disease), hip dysplasia, and progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), another eye condition that can lead to blindness.
Preventative Healthcare
Regular checkups with your veterinarian are essential for both breeds. Vaccinations, parasite control, and good dental care are all important for keeping your dog healthy and happy, no matter which breed you choose.
Genetic Conditions
If you’re considering breeding either Shelties or Collies, genetic testing is a must. Responsible breeders screen their dogs for potential genetic problems to minimize the risk of passing those conditions on to future generations. It’s one of the best ways to ensure the health and well-being of these wonderful dogs.
Grooming and Care
Both Shelties and Collies have beautiful, thick double coats that require regular attention to keep them looking their best. Neglecting their grooming needs can lead to painful matting and tangles.
Coat Maintenance
To prevent mats, plan to brush your Sheltie two to three times a week, while a Collie will likely need brushing three to four times a week.
Nutritional Needs
Shelties typically eat around 1 to 1.5 cups of high-quality dog food per day, divided into two meals. Collies, being larger, need more: about 2 to 3 cups daily, also split into two feedings.
Exercise and Activity Recommendations
Both breeds are intelligent and energetic, so they need plenty of exercise to stay happy and healthy. Plan for daily walks, runs, or play sessions. Puzzle toys, agility training, and herding activities are also great ways to keep their minds and bodies engaged.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Shetland Sheepdogs related to Border Collies?
While both breeds are herding dogs, Shetland Sheepdogs are not directly related to Border Collies. Shelties are thought to have originated from a mix of Spitz-type dogs and Scottish herding dogs, while Border Collies come from a different lineage with roots in the border region between Scotland and England.
Do Collies bark as much as Shelties?
Shelties have a reputation for being more vocal than Collies. They tend to bark readily as an alert, while Collies are generally more reserved in their barking habits. However, individual personalities can vary, so some Collies may be barkers, and some Shelties may be quieter.
What is the difference between a Shetland Sheepdog and a Collie?
The easiest way to tell them apart is their size. Shelties are much smaller than Collies. Collies also have a longer nose, and a different coat texture. Shelties come in different colors as well.
Is Lassie a Sheltie or a Rough Collie?
Lassie is a Rough Collie, not a Sheltie. The Lassie character is one of the most famous Rough Collies in popular culture. The role has been played by several different Collies over the years.
Conclusion
Shetland Sheepdogs and Collies share a common ancestry and many wonderful qualities. The most obvious difference is size: Shelties are smaller than Collies. Collies tend to be more laid-back than Shelties, while Shelties tend to have more energy. Because of their higher energy levels, Shelties may require more exercise than Collies.
Before choosing between a Sheltie and a Collie, think about your lifestyle, your living situation, and your level of dog-handling experience. If you’re a first-time dog owner who lives in an apartment, a Collie may be a better fit. If you’re an experienced dog owner who wants a smaller dog to train for agility, a Sheltie may be a better match.
No matter which breed you choose, remember that responsible dog ownership is essential. Be sure to provide consistent training, plenty of socialization, and appropriate care for your new companion.