Diesel exhaust fluid, or DEF, is a key ingredient in modern diesel engines. It’s essential for Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology to work effectively and reduce emissions from diesel equipment.
But here’s the thing: storing DEF properly is crucial. If you don’t, it can degrade, get contaminated, and even lead to expensive equipment failures. That’s why you need to know the best practices for storing DEF.
This article will provide a comprehensive guide to storing DEF correctly so you can avoid those costly problems.
Understanding DEF: Composition, Function, and Requirements
Let’s dig into what DEF is, what it does, and what you need to know about it.
What is DEF?
Diesel exhaust fluid is a nontoxic mix of deionized water and urea. Using deionized water is key because you want to avoid any impurities in the solution.
DEF’s main purpose is to reduce emissions from diesel engines. It does this by converting NOx emissions into harmless nitrogen and water through a process called selective catalytic reduction, or SCR.
Regulatory Requirements and Standards
Using DEF is required by law for most heavy-duty vehicles and machinery to meet today’s stringent emissions standards.
It’s also important to make sure the DEF you’re using meets ISO 22241 standards. This ensures the fluid is high quality and will work as intended in your SCR system.
Why proper DEF storage is so important
Storing DEF properly is essential for three reasons:
- To prevent degradation. Heat and sunlight break down DEF, which makes it less effective. The ideal storage temperature is between 12°F and 86°F.
- To avoid contamination. Contaminated DEF can damage your SCR system. Never add anything to DEF, not even tap water.
- To maintain shelf life. DEF only lasts one or two years. Proper storage helps it last as long as possible and keeps it at the right quality.
Best practices for storing DEF
If you’re going to be storing DEF, you’ll want to take steps to protect it from contamination and degradation.
Container selection and handling
- Use containers that are specifically designed for DEF storage, such as UV-resistant containers for outdoor storage. Containers with dispensing nozzles can also help keep the DEF from becoming contaminated.
- Be sure the containers are clean and sealed correctly. Inspect the seals to make sure they aren’t damaged.
Environmental considerations
- Store DEF in a place that’s cool, dry, and shaded. Direct sunlight or heat can damage the fluid. If you’re storing it outdoors, putting it under a canopy might be a good idea.
- Check the temperature regularly with a thermometer.
Storage location
Keep DEF away from other fuels and chemicals in an isolated area that doesn’t have a lot of surface water runoff.
What are some common DEF storage problems?
Storing diesel exhaust fluid isn’t as simple as pouring it into a tank and forgetting about it. Here are a few things you need to know.
Freezing temperatures
DEF will freeze at around 12°F (-11°C) and expand as it freezes. Most vehicles are designed to keep DEF from freezing, but you’ll need to take precautions when storing it in bulk.
Keeping it clean
It’s important to keep your DEF dispensing nozzles and other equipment clean. You should also use pumping systems that are only for DEF.
Spill management
Be careful when you’re filling up your DEF tank to avoid spills. If you do spill some DEF, use an absorbent material to clean it up right away.
What happens if you don’t handle or store DEF correctly?
Using DEF improperly can seriously damage your engine and cost you a lot of money.
- Engine damage: Contaminated or low-quality DEF can damage the SCR system. Mixing DEF with diesel fuel is a recipe for disaster.
- Performance problems: If your DEF levels get too low, your engine will lose power or shut down completely. You could lose up to 40% of your vehicle’s power.
- Legal and financial issues: Using the wrong DEF can void your warranty, and operating a vehicle that’s releasing illegal levels of NOx can lead to fines and other penalties.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I store DEF in my garage?
Yes, you can store DEF in your garage, but there are a few things to keep in mind. First, DEF should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Garages can fluctuate in temperature, so avoid storing DEF near heat sources like furnaces or water heaters. Also, ensure the container is tightly sealed to prevent contamination. As long as you avoid temperature extremes and contamination, your garage is generally a fine place to store DEF.
Is there a way to keep DEF from freezing?
DEF will freeze at around 12°F (-11°C). While freezing doesn’t harm the DEF, it can be inconvenient. Luckily, DEF expands only about 7% when frozen, so you don’t need to worry about bursting the container. To prevent freezing, store DEF in a climate-controlled environment. If that’s not possible, insulated DEF storage containers or tank heaters can help maintain a suitable temperature. Also, your vehicle’s DEF tank usually has a heater to thaw frozen DEF once the engine is running, so a bit of freezing isn’t a huge deal.
In Summary
Properly storing diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) is essential for maintaining the performance of your diesel engine and reducing harmful emissions. In fact, good DEF management can prevent costly downtime and keep your equipment running smoothly.
To store DEF correctly, use an appropriate container, keep it in a cool, shaded spot, and prevent contamination. Following these simple best practices will save you money and time in the long run.
Investing in proper DEF storage will increase the lifespan of your equipment and reduce your maintenance costs, too.