If you’re new to boating, or even if you’ve been on the water for a while, knowing the correct boat terminologies is essential.
Why? Because using the right words ensures clear communication and safe navigation. It helps you understand instructions, heed warnings, and generally be more effective on the water.
This article will cover some of the essential boating terms you need to know, from boat parts and directions to common boating activities. Whether you’re a beginner or a seasoned boater, this guide will provide a solid foundation or a helpful refresher.
Basic Boat Anatomy
Like any field, boating has its own vocabulary. It can be confusing at first, but knowing these terms will help you understand how boats work.
Essential Parts of a Boat
- Bow: The front of the boat is called the bow. It’s designed to slice through the water. The shape of the bow will affect the way a boat handles and performs.
- Stern: The stern is the back of the boat. The transom, often found at the stern, is where you’ll find the engine or outboard motor.
- Hull: The hull is the main body of the boat. It provides buoyancy and keeps the boat afloat. The design of the hull affects how stable the boat is, how fast it can go, and how fuel-efficient it is.
Interior References
- Helm: The helm is where the boat is steered and controlled. It’s typically where you’ll find the steering wheel, throttle, and navigation tools.
- Aft and Forward: Aft means toward the stern, or back, of the boat. Forward means toward the bow, or front.
Directional terminology
Boating has its own set of directional terms that can be confusing at first. Here are a few of the most important ones to know.
Port and Starboard
Instead of “left” and “right,” boaters use the terms “port” and “starboard.”
Port: The left side
“Port” refers to the left side of the boat when you’re facing forward. At night, the port side of a boat is indicated by a red light.
Starboard: The right side
“Starboard” is the right side of the boat when you’re facing forward. At night, the starboard side of a boat is indicated by a green light.
Understanding relative directions
Using “port” and “starboard” in your communications can help avoid confusion and prevent accidents, particularly when you’re maneuvering in tight spaces. Clear communication is essential when you’re trying to avoid collisions.
Operational Terms
Like any field, boating has its own specialized language. Here are some terms you’ll likely hear if you spend time around boats.
Underway
When a boat is “underway,” that means it’s not anchored, stuck on the bottom, or tied to shore. It’s moving or capable of moving on its own.
Securing the Boat
Here are a couple of terms related to tying up a boat.
Cleat
A cleat is a fitting on the boat or dock that’s designed to hold mooring lines. Knowing how to tie knots properly is key to using cleats safely and effectively.
Docking
Docking is the process of bringing the boat alongside a pier, quay, or even another boat. Docking calls for careful handling and coordination.
Maintaining Boat Performance
These terms refer to keeping your boat running smoothly.
Trim
Trim has to do with the boat’s balance and its angle in the water. When a boat is properly trimmed, it performs better, uses fuel more efficiently, and handles nicely.
Bilge Pump
The bilge is the lowest part of the hull, and water tends to collect there. A bilge pump removes that water to prevent damage and keep the boat afloat.
Impeller
An impeller is a rotating part inside a pump or jet drive system that shoots out water to create thrust. Knowing how the impeller works is important for maintaining your boat.
Safety and legal terminology
When you’re out on the water, you’re responsible for the safety of yourself, your passengers, and other boaters. It’s important to know a few key terms related to boating safety and the law.
PFD: Personal Flotation Device
A PFD, or personal flotation device, is a life jacket or buoyant vest designed to keep a person afloat in the water. Regulations require that every boat carry a Coast Guard-approved PFD for each person on board. Make sure you have enough life jackets and that they’re the right size for everyone on board.
Navigation lights
Navigation lights are required on boats so boaters can see each other’s position and direction at night or whenever visibility is low. Using the correct navigation lights can prevent collisions.
- Anchor lights: white lights you display when your boat is anchored
- Docking lights: lights to illuminate the area when you’re getting close to a dock
- Running lights: red and green sidelights and a white stern light that you use when underway, or moving
Boating regulations
It’s vital that you understand and follow all local and state boating laws. It’s a good idea to take a boating course and get a boating license or safety certificate, even if your state doesn’t require it.
Boat covers
If you’re a boat owner, you’ll want to protect your investment. Here’s a rundown on the different kinds of boat covers.
Mooring covers
Mooring covers protect your boat’s interior from sun, rain, and other debris when the boat is docked. Think of it as a waterproof tarp that keeps your boat looking its best.
Travel covers
Travel covers are important when you’re transporting your boat on a trailer. They’ll protect your boat from road debris, wind, and rain as you head down the highway.
Final Thoughts
Knowing key boat terms about the parts of a boat, how to steer it, how to operate it, and how to keep it safe is important for everyone who spends time on the water.
If you know these terms, you’ll feel more confident and prepared when you’re boating, and you’ll be able to communicate clearly with other boaters and maritime professionals.
Boating is a skill that takes time to develop. Keep learning about boating, stay informed about boating laws and regulations, and review the terms you need to know for a safe and enjoyable boating experience.