Rabies is a dangerous and deadly viral disease that affects mammals, including our feline friends and even us humans. It usually spreads through infected animals’ saliva, most often through bites. This makes it important for cat owners to know the cat rabies signs and symptoms, and for everyone to keep their pets up to date on their rabies vaccinations.
In this article, we’ll explore the causes, symptoms, how rabies is diagnosed, the limited treatment options, and most importantly, how to prevent it, drawing on expert advice and the latest information.
What is rabies and how do cats get it?
Rabies is a serious viral disease that attacks the central nervous system.
If a cat or other animal gets rabies, it’s almost always fatal once symptoms appear.
All mammals can get rabies, but it’s most often seen in carnivores and bats.
Rabies is a zoonotic disease, which means it can spread from animals to people.
How cats contract rabies
The most common way for rabies to spread is through the saliva of an infected animal, often through a bite. Direct contact with an infected animal, such as a lick on an open wound or on the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth, can also transmit the virus.
Cats who spend time outdoors are at greater risk of contracting rabies, especially if they interact with wildlife or stray animals.
Symptoms of rabies in cats: A stage-by-stage breakdown
Rabies infection in cats proceeds in distinct stages, each with its own set of symptoms.
Prodromal stage
The prodromal stage is the first stage of rabies, lasting for just a few days. The symptoms at this stage are subtle and easy to miss. You might notice slight behavioral changes, such as fever, lethargy, or a reduced appetite. Your cat might also seem nervous, uncoordinated, or irritable.
Excitative (furious) stage
The excitative stage typically lasts for a week or less. During this phase, a cat with rabies will show dramatic behavioral changes, including aggression and excitability. Your cat might become restless, agitated, and prone to attacking inanimate objects or other animals. Other symptoms of the excitative stage include dilated pupils, excessive drooling, and difficulty swallowing.
Paralytic (dumb) stage
The paralytic stage is the final stage of rabies, and it lasts just a few days. Paralysis begins, usually starting in the limbs and progressing rapidly. Your cat may seem uncoordinated and weak. Because the throat muscles become paralyzed, excessive drooling and foaming at the mouth are common. Seizures and difficulty breathing may also occur.
Unfortunately, death is inevitable once a cat reaches the paralytic stage of rabies.
How do vets diagnose rabies in cats?
Veterinarians usually diagnose rabies based on a cat’s history, its symptoms, and whether it could have been exposed to the virus. They’ll examine the cat to assess its neurological condition and look for anything unusual.
However, the only way to know for sure if a cat has rabies is to examine its brain tissue after it dies.
Because rabies poses a risk to humans, suspected cases have to be handled carefully, following strict rules for collecting samples.
Treatment Options and Prognosis
Unfortunately, once a cat starts showing signs of rabies, there’s nothing that can be done. The disease is always fatal.
Because of this, the kindest thing to do for a rabid animal is usually euthanasia. This alleviates its suffering.
Until that time, supportive care can help manage the symptoms and keep the cat comfortable.
Preventing rabies in cats: Vaccination and responsible pet ownership
Rabies is a scary disease, but it’s also preventable.
Vaccination
The most effective way to protect your cat from rabies is to get them vaccinated. Talk with your veterinarian about a vaccination schedule that’s right for your cat. Typically, kittens get their first rabies shot, followed by regular boosters throughout their lives.
The rabies vaccine is safe and effective in most cases. However, some cats may experience mild side effects such as tiredness or loss of appetite. Allergic reactions are rare but can happen.
Responsible pet ownership
Keeping your cat indoors goes a long way toward lowering their risk of getting rabies. If your cat spends time outside, keep a close eye on them. Try to discourage them from interacting with strays or wildlife.
Avoid contact with wild animals, particularly any that seem sick or are behaving strangely.
Report any animal bites or scratches to your local animal control or health department as soon as possible.
Key Takeaways
Rabies is a terrible disease, but it’s also preventable. Vaccinating your cat and being a responsible pet owner are the best ways to protect your feline friend.
Knowing the early signs of rabies and getting immediate veterinary care if you suspect your cat has been exposed can help protect both your cat and your family.
By staying informed and taking action when needed, you can help prevent the spread of rabies and keep your feline companion healthy and happy.