Tapeworms are flat, parasitic worms that can make themselves at home in your cat’s intestines. They’re common in cats of all ages, so knowing what to look for is important.
This article will give you a full rundown on cat tapeworm symptoms, how cats get tapeworms, and how to treat and prevent them.
Spotting the signs of tapeworms early and treating them promptly is key to keeping your cat healthy and minimizing the already-low risk of tapeworm transmission to humans.
What are tapeworms?
Tapeworms are flat, segmented worms that live in a cat’s small intestine. Adult tapeworms can grow to be several inches long.
Unlike many other parasites, you can often see tapeworms. They look like grains of rice in your cat’s stool or around their anus. These rice-like objects are segments of the worm called proglottids. Each segment can contain as many as 20 tapeworm eggs.
The most common types of tapeworms that infect cats are Dipylidium caninum (the flea tapeworm), Taenia taeniaeformis, and Echinococcus.
How do cats get tapeworm infections?
Cats typically contract tapeworms in one of two ways:
Flea infestation
Fleas serve as a middleman, or intermediate host, for the most common type of tapeworm, Dipylidium caninum. Cats that swallow infected fleas can then develop a tapeworm infection. Because cats groom themselves so meticulously, they may swallow fleas they find on their fur or skin.
Ingestion of infected prey
Cats can also get tapeworms if they eat rodents or rabbits that are already infected with tapeworms. This is how cats often contract Taenia species of tapeworms.
In addition, raw or undercooked meat can sometimes contain tapeworm larvae, though this is a less common route of transmission.
Mother to kittens
In rare instances, a mother cat can pass tapeworms to her kittens.
Symptoms of tapeworms in cats
If you think your cat may have tapeworms, here’s what to look for:
Identifying visible signs
Unlike many other parasites, tapeworms can be seen with the naked eye. In fact, you may see small, white, rice-like segments in your cat’s feces or around their anus. These segments can sometimes cause your cat to scoot their bottom along the floor in an attempt to relieve the irritation.
Gastrointestinal issues
Tapeworm infections can cause vomiting and diarrhea. In severe cases, they can even lead to intestinal blockages.
Changes in appetite and weight
If your cat has tapeworms, you may notice that they’re eating less or losing weight, even if their appetite seems normal.
Behavioral changes
Cats with tapeworms may groom or lick excessively around their anus in an attempt to relieve the itching. They may also become restless and irritable.
Other potential symptoms
Other signs of tapeworm infection include:
- Dull coat
- Lethargy
- Perianal itching
Haw’s syndrome
In rare cases, a heavy tapeworm infestation can lead to a condition called Haw’s syndrome, in which the cat’s third eyelid becomes visible.
Diagnosis and treatment
If you suspect your cat has tapeworms, your veterinarian will likely visually inspect your cat, conduct a fecal exam, perform a physical examination, and take a thorough medical history.
Fecal exams are especially important, as they can reveal the presence of tapeworm segments or eggs. However, because cats are fastidious groomers and don’t always pass tapeworm segments in their stool, fecal exams are not always definitive.
If your veterinarian diagnoses a tapeworm infection, they will likely prescribe medication to deworm your cat. The most common treatment is an oral or injectable medication called praziquantel. This drug is highly effective in eliminating tapeworms.
It’s important to consult with your veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment. They can determine the best course of action for your cat based on their individual needs. It’s also vital to complete the entire course of medication as prescribed, even if your cat’s symptoms improve before it’s finished.
Preventing tapeworm infections in cats
The best way to keep your cat from getting tapeworms is to prevent them from being exposed to fleas in the first place.
Flea control
Fleas are the main way cats get tapeworm infections. To prevent tapeworms, you’ll need to protect your pet from fleas.
- Regularly treat all the pets in your household with flea treatments recommended by your veterinarian.
- Treat your home and yard for fleas.
Hygiene and environment
Keep your cat’s environment as clean as possible. Remember to regularly groom your cat and check them for fleas.
Diet and hunting
Avoid feeding your cat raw meat or letting them hunt wild prey. If your cat enjoys hunting, try to limit their access to rodents and rabbits, since they often carry tapeworms.
Regular veterinary check-ups
It’s always a good idea to schedule regular veterinary check-ups so that your vet can keep an eye on your cat’s health and help you come up with a flea prevention plan that will work for you and your cat.
Can humans get tapeworms from cats?
It’s unlikely, but it’s possible.
Humans usually get tapeworms by accidentally swallowing an infected flea. It’s also possible to get them from feces, but this is less common.
The best way to avoid getting tapeworms from your cat is to practice good hygiene. Handle and dispose of cat feces carefully, and wash your hands thoroughly afterward. Keeping your cat’s environment clean will also help prevent infestations.
In Closing
Tapeworms are a common problem for cats, but they’re usually easy to treat. The best approach is prevention.
If you think your cat might have tapeworms, talk with your veterinarian. They can diagnose the problem, prescribe the right medication, and advise you on preventing future infections.
Being a proactive pet owner is the best way to keep your feline friend healthy and happy.