So, what type of fire is a Class C fire? Class C fires involve energized electrical equipment or flammable gases, and they present unique dangers. Electrical fires can lead to electrocution and explosion hazards if they aren’t treated properly.
That’s why it’s important to know how to identify and respond to a Class C fire. You’ll need to use specialized extinguishing agents and techniques, and you should never use water on an electrical fire.
This article will provide a comprehensive overview of Class C fires, covering what they are, how to prevent them, and the best ways to put them out. We’ll tell you everything you need to know.
What is a Class C Fire?
Class C fires involve energized electrical equipment or flammable gases. If an appliance, transformer, or other electrical device catches fire, it’s a Class C fire. Common flammable gases that can cause a Class C fire are propane, butane, and methane.
The “C” in Class C indicates that electricity or flammable gas is involved, which adds a layer of complexity to fighting the fire. For example, an electrical fire becomes a Class A fire as soon as you shut off the electricity.
Causes & Risks of Class C Fires
Class C fires involve electricity, so they are often caused by electrical or gas malfunctions. Here are some common causes.
Electrical Fires
- Faulty wiring and overloaded circuits. Aging infrastructure and a lack of maintenance can cause electrical fires.
- Damaged appliances and equipment. Regular inspections are key to preventing Class C fires.
- Water near electrical sources. Water conducts electricity, so it can easily start an electrical fire.
Gas Fires
- Leaks in gas lines or appliances. Gas leaks often happen when gas appliances aren’t installed or maintained correctly.
- Ignition sources near gas leaks. Open flames, sparks, or static electricity can ignite flammable gases.
- Improper storage of flammable gases. Gases must be stored in special containers away from heat or flame.
Examples of Class C Fires
Class C fires involve energized electrical equipment. Here are some examples:
- Electrical transformer fires: Oil leaks can make these fires worse and create very dangerous conditions.
- Fires involving lithium-ion batteries and solar panels: These carry an electrocution risk and can release toxic chemicals when they burn.
- Natural gas leaks: Leaks in homes and businesses can result from loose connections or damaged gas lines.
- Propane tank leaks: These can ignite easily.
Identifying a Class C Fire
How can you tell you’re dealing with a Class C fire?
Some common warning signs include:
- The smell of burning plastic or ozone near electrical equipment
- Flames or sparks around electrical sources
- The smell of gas (if a gas fire)
- A hissing sound (which may indicate a gas leak)
It’s important to distinguish Class C fires from other types of fires, including:
- Class A fires, which involve ordinary combustibles like wood and paper
- Class B fires, which involve flammable liquids like gasoline and oil
- Class D fires, which involve combustible metals like magnesium and titanium
- Class K fires, which involve cooking oils and fats
The key difference is that Class C fires always involve energized electrical equipment or flammable gas.
Correctly classifying the type of fire is essential so you can choose the right suppression method.
Preventing Class C Fires
Although Class C fires can be dangerous, there are ways to prevent them.
Appropriate Storage
- Store flammable gases in containers that comply with safety standards, such as gas bottle storage cages.
- Clearly label your containers, and don’t store too many gas bottles in one area.
- Keep gases away from anything that could cause them to ignite.
Inspect Gas Canisters
- Check your gas canisters frequently for signs of damage, like rust or dents.
- Use soap and water to check for leaks. Never use an open flame.
Electrical Safety Practices
- Make sure your electrical equipment is inspected and maintained regularly.
- Replace damaged wiring and appliances right away.
- Don’t overload circuits.
- Keep electrical equipment dry.
Fire Risk Assessment
- Check regularly for potential fire hazards.
- Designate someone to be in charge of fire safety.
- Check and maintain your fire safety equipment regularly.
How to deal with a Class C fire
- Your safety is the priority. If the fire is too big, get out.
- Electrical fires:
- Turn off the power. If it’s safe, cut off the electricity to the equipment.
- Put out the fire. Use a Class C fire extinguisher.
- Dry chemical extinguishers work well on electrical fires.
- Encapsulator agents are special substances designed to interact safely with electrical equipment.
- Never use water on an electrical fire.
- Gas Fires:
- Stop the gas. If you can, turn off the gas supply.
- Extinguish. Use a dry powder extinguisher.
- Evacuate. If the fire is out of control, leave the area.
- Ventilate. Open the windows to get rid of any remaining gas.
- Call for help. Always contact emergency services.
Advanced Solutions for Class C Fires
When it comes to Class C fires, you need to think beyond basic extinguishers. Newer technologies offer safer and more effective solutions.
One option is something called Encapsulator Technology. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 18A) recognizes this technology, which uses agents like the F-500 Encapsulator Agent. These agents work by surrounding the fuel, absorbing the heat, and stopping the fire at a molecular level.
Encapsulator agents are safer, faster, and better for the environment. Third-party testing has also proven their effectiveness.
However, it’s always important to consult a fire safety professional to determine the best approach for your specific situation.
To Conclude
Understanding the characteristics and risks of Class C fires is crucial for safety. Because energized electrical equipment can quickly cause a small fire to spread, it’s important to take proactive prevention measures. Store equipment properly, inspect it regularly, and keep it well-maintained.
If a Class C fire breaks out, remember that you need to use the right extinguishing techniques and specialized agents to put it out safely. Don’t take chances. Prioritize safety and always seek professional assistance when dealing with electrical fires or other Class C fire hazards.