A dog’s nose is a super-sensitive instrument, so it’s understandable that you’d be concerned if you notice that your dog’s nose is dry or cracked. After all, a dog’s nose can offer clues about their health and well-being.
If you’re worried about your dog’s dry, cracked nose, you’re in the right place. This article will give you a comprehensive guide to understanding, treating, and preventing cracked noses in dogs. It’s important to know what’s normal and what could be an indicator of an underlying health issue.
We’ll walk you through the potential causes of a cracked nose, how a vet might diagnose the issue, and how to treat it at home and with veterinary care. Finally, we’ll give you some tips for preventing a cracked nose in the first place.
Why is a dog’s nose normally wet?
A healthy dog’s nose is usually damp. Dogs secrete mucus that helps them absorb scent chemicals from the air. When they lick their noses, they are actually “tasting” those scents.
Also, a wet nose helps regulate a dog’s body temperature, keeping them cool.
In general, a wet nose is a good sign that your dog’s olfactory system is functioning properly.
Common Causes of a Cracked Dog Nose
A cracked or crusty dog nose can be caused by a number of things, from the environment to allergies and even your dog’s breed.
Environmental Factors
- Dry air. Low humidity, especially during the winter when the central heat is running, can dry out your dog’s nose. You can counteract this by using a humidifier in the rooms where your dog spends the most time.
- Sunburn. Light-colored noses are especially vulnerable to sun damage. If your dog spends a lot of time outdoors, consider using a dog-safe sunscreen.
- Extreme temperatures. Exposure to heat or cold can lead to dryness and cracking, so be sure your dog has access to climate-controlled spaces.
Lifestyle and Behavioral Factors
- Dehydration. Hydration is key for overall health, and it also keeps your dog’s nose moist. Make sure your dog has access to fresh, clean water at all times. A good rule of thumb is that dogs need approximately one ounce of water per pound of body weight each day.
- Excessive licking. While it might seem counterintuitive, constant licking can actually strip the nose of its natural oils, leading to dryness and irritation.
- Sleeping habits. It’s common for a dog’s nose to be dry after sleeping.
Allergic Reactions
- Environmental allergies. Common allergens like pollen, dust mites, and mold can cause a dry, cracked nose.
- Food allergies. Food allergies can also show up as skin issues, including a dry nose. You can try removing potential allergens from your dog’s environment, such as plastic bowls, new toys, or certain cleaning products.
Breed Predisposition
Brachycephalic breeds, those with short, flat faces like Bulldogs and Pugs, may be more prone to dry noses simply because of their anatomy.
Underlying health conditions that can cause a cracked nose
Sometimes, a cracked nose is a sign of a health condition that requires a vet’s intervention.
Nasal hyperkeratosis
Nasal hyperkeratosis is a condition in which a dog’s body produces too much keratin, the protein that makes up skin, hair, and nails. This overproduction can cause the dog’s nose to become thickened and crusty. It’s more common in older dogs than in younger ones.
Autoimmune diseases
Several autoimmune diseases can affect a dog’s nose, including:
- Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). DLE is an autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation and crusting on a dog’s nose.
- Pemphigus. Pemphigus is another autoimmune disease that can cause blisters and sores on the nose.
Canine distemper
Canine distemper is a serious viral illness that can cause a dry nose, along with other symptoms.
Other potential issues
A cracked nose can also be a symptom of:
- Blocked tear ducts. Blocked tear ducts can cause dry eye and may contribute to a dry nose.
- Hyperthyroidism. If your dog has an overactive thyroid, this could affect the moisture in their nose.
- Skin fold dermatitis. Skin fold dermatitis can occur in dogs with deep skin folds around their nose, and this can lead to a dry nose.
Diagnosing the cause of a cracked nose
If your dog’s dry nose doesn’t clear up quickly, or if it seems to be getting worse, you should have a vet examine it.
The vet will check your dog’s overall health, look for other symptoms, and run tests to figure out what’s going on. They might do blood tests or skin scrapings to rule out medical conditions or allergies.
To help your vet, keep track of when your dog’s nose seems driest. Note any other symptoms you see and think about possible allergens in your home or yard. All of this information can help them make an accurate diagnosis.
Treating a Cracked Dog Nose: Home Remedies and Lifestyle Adjustments
If your dog’s cracked nose isn’t severe, you can try some home remedies and simple lifestyle adjustments to soothe and heal it.
Hydration
Always make sure your dog has access to plenty of fresh, clean water. To boost their water intake, you can also add wet food to their diet.
Environmental Control
Dry air can worsen a cracked nose, so try using a humidifier to raise the humidity level in your home. Also, make sure your dog has access to shade and shelter from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.
Nose Balms
Dog-safe nose balms can moisturize and protect a cracked nose. One popular choice is The Natural Dog Company Snout Soother. Be sure to use products that are specifically made for dogs, as human products may contain ingredients that are harmful to them.
Diet Changes
A high-quality dog food is a must for overall health, including nose health! Talk with your vet about the best food choices for your dog’s specific needs.
What NOT to use on your dog’s cracked nose
It’s crucial to avoid using human products on your dog, as some ingredients can be harmful or even toxic.
Never put human products like Neosporin, Vaseline, or baby oil on your dog’s nose. Zinc and titanium oxide, often found in sunscreens, are also toxic to dogs. Vaseline, while seemingly harmless, can also cause problems if ingested.
While some vets say a tiny amount of Neosporin won’t hurt your dog, it can still disrupt their gut bacteria and cause gastrointestinal upset.
When to see a vet
If home treatments don’t seem to be helping your dog’s nose, you should speak with your vet. You should also schedule an appointment if your dog shows any other symptoms. Prolonged dryness, fever, lethargy, and dry eye are all cause for concern.
Seek immediate veterinary attention if your dog has:
- a fever
- lethargy
- a loss of appetite
- nasal discharge
- bleeding from the nose
In Conclusion
It’s always wise to keep an eye on your dog’s nose and be proactive about their health. If you see a crack, try to figure out the cause, give your dog good care, and call the vet if you’re concerned.
A healthy nose means a happy dog!