Cavities are a very common problem. Also known as tooth decay, they can affect anyone at any age. If left untreated, cavities can cause infections, pain, and even tooth loss.
The good news is that early intervention can help stop a cavity from growing, preserving the structure of your tooth.
In this article, we’ll cover what causes cavities, how to practice good oral hygiene, what foods to avoid, and the importance of fluoride and regular dental checkups.
What is a cavity and how does it form?
Cavities form when bacteria in your mouth feed on sugars and starches. These bacteria create acids that erode your tooth enamel, causing those tiny holes we know as cavities.
If you don’t regularly remove plaque by brushing and flossing, this sticky film of bacteria will accumulate on your teeth and make things worse.
As the acids erode the minerals in your tooth enamel, you may notice tooth sensitivity to hot, cold, or sweet foods. You also might see small white or chalky spots on your teeth.
If you spot these early signs of tooth decay, it’s time to take action so you can prevent further damage and maybe even stop the cavity from growing.
The Power of Oral Hygiene: Your First Line of Defense
Good dental hygiene is key to stopping a cavity from growing and even reversing the process in some cases. Here’s how to make sure you’re doing it right.
Brushing Techniques
You should brush your teeth at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste. Brush for at least two minutes, making sure you get every surface of every tooth. It’s best to use a soft-bristled toothbrush to avoid irritating your gums.
When you brush, use gentle, circular motions to clean your teeth and gums. Pay special attention to the gum line, where plaque likes to build up.
Flossing is Essential
Floss at least once a day, preferably before you go to bed, to remove plaque and food particles from between your teeth.
Slide the floss gently between your teeth using a sawing motion. Then, curve the floss around each tooth and clean under the gum line.
Mouthwash as an Adjunct
Using an antimicrobial mouthwash can help reduce bacteria in your mouth and freshen your breath. For added protection, use a fluoride mouthwash. Swish the mouthwash for 30 seconds after you brush and floss.
Diet and cavity prevention: What you eat matters
What you eat and drink can have a huge impact on the health of your teeth.
Limiting sugary and acidic foods
When you eat or drink something sugary, you’re giving bacteria in your mouth the fuel they need to produce acids that eat away at your teeth. Acidic foods also erode your enamel, so it’s best to limit sugary drinks, candies, and highly processed foods.
Choosing tooth-friendly foods
You can also choose foods that are good for your teeth! Fiber-rich fruits and vegetables stimulate saliva production, and dairy products contain calcium and phosphorus that strengthen your enamel.
Water helps rinse away food particles and neutralizes acids in your mouth, so be sure to drink plenty of water throughout the day.
Smart snacking habits
Snacking between meals gives bacteria a constant supply of sugar to feed on, which means more acid production and a greater chance of developing cavities. If you’re going to snack, choose healthy options like raw vegetables, nuts, or cheese.
Fluoride: A powerful ally in the fight against cavities
Fluoride is one of the most reliable weapons in your arsenal for fighting tooth decay. Here’s how it works:
How fluoride strengthens enamel
Fluoride can actually repair damaged tooth enamel and make it more resistant to acid attacks. You can get the benefits of fluoride by using a fluoride toothpaste or mouthwash daily, or by getting a fluoride treatment from your dentist.
Sources of fluoride
Using a fluoride toothpaste every time you brush is a great way to protect your teeth. In some communities, the public water supply is fluoridated, which can help strengthen teeth. Dentists can also apply fluoride treatments to your teeth during your regular checkups.
Considerations for children
If your children are using fluoride products, be sure to supervise them. It’s best to use only a pea-sized dab of fluoride toothpaste for children who are still learning not to swallow it.
See a dentist regularly
You can’t reliably detect cavities on your own. A dentist can see them early, often before you have any symptoms. Regular cleanings remove plaque and tartar that your toothbrush and floss might miss.
Dentists may also recommend sealants, especially for children. Sealants protect the chewing surfaces of the back teeth.
It’s important to follow your dentist’s treatment and prevention recommendations to keep cavities from growing.
Conclusion
Stopping a cavity from growing comes down to a few simple strategies: good oral hygiene, a healthy diet, regular fluoride treatments, and routine dental checkups.
Taking care of your teeth is a proactive process. By adopting these habits, you can protect your teeth from decay and keep your smile healthy for years to come.