A “letter for the judge” can mean a few different things. It could be a character reference, or it could be a request to dismiss a case. Whatever the reason, these letters are a way to communicate directly with the judge and offer a perspective they might not otherwise have. A well-written letter can have a real impact.
But it’s vital to be clear, respectful, and accurate when writing to a judge.
That’s why we’ve put together this guide to writing effective letters to a judge, whatever the situation.
Understanding the purpose: What type of letter are you writing?
The kind of letter you write will depend on the impact you want to have on the judge’s decision.
Character letters: Illuminating the defendant’s true nature
The purpose of a character letter is to give the judge some personal insights into the defendant’s character that might not otherwise come up in court.
A character letter can offer insights into the defendant’s personality, morals, and contributions to the community. Judges will often consider character letters during sentencing, bail hearings, and even expungement cases.
A character letter should focus on positive traits, contributions to the community, and personal growth. It should highlight the defendant’s values and support system and share real-life stories that show the defendant’s good side.
Letters to dismiss a case: Seeking legal resolution
The purpose of a letter to dismiss a case is to formally request that the judge dismiss the case based on specific legal reasons.
The letter should clearly state that you want the judge to dismiss the case and present a logical argument along with supporting evidence. Reasons for dismissal can include legal errors, lack of evidence, or changes in circumstances.
Who should write the letter?
That depends on the letter’s purpose.
Character letters: the importance of personal connection
Character letters should be written by family members, friends, employers, religious leaders, counselors, teachers, and mentors—people who know the defendant well. You’ll want to avoid asking someone with a conflict of interest, someone who barely knows the defendant, or someone with a criminal history of their own.
Letters to dismiss: usually the defendant or their attorney
These letters are usually written by the defendant or their attorney, as they require a solid understanding of the legal grounds for dismissal.
Structuring your letter: A clear and concise approach
No matter what kind of letter you’re writing to a judge, it’s important to be professional and clear. Here’s how to do it.
General formatting
- Use standard business letter format.
- Keep your letter short and to the point. Character letters, in particular, should be only one page long.
- Proofread your letter carefully for grammar and spelling mistakes.
Character letter structure
- Introduction: State who you are, what your relationship is to the defendant, and how long you’ve known them.
- Main body: Describe specific examples of the defendant’s good character, what they’ve contributed to the community, and other relevant personal experiences. Focus on qualities like honesty, responsibility, and kindness. Share true stories that show the defendant’s good behavior.
- Conclusion: Summarize the points you’ve made. Politely state your opinion and request leniency or other considerations, if appropriate.
Letter to dismiss structure
- Introduction: Clearly state that your intention is to dismiss the case and why you want to do so.
- Case details: Provide the case number, the names of the people involved, and other relevant information.
- Reasons for dismissal: Present a logical argument. Avoid emotional language.
- Supporting evidence: Include documents, witness statements, or other materials that back up your argument.
- Conclusion: Restate your request for dismissal and thank the judge.
Crafting your argument: evidence and persuasion
The way you present your case can make all the difference. Here’s how to use evidence and persuasive language to make your letter as effective as possible.
Character letters: show, don’t tell
When writing a character letter, focus on telling specific stories that show off the person’s good qualities. Instead of just saying someone is “kind,” describe a time when they went out of their way to help someone. And while it’s okay to acknowledge the situation, don’t try to argue about the charges.
Letters to dismiss: legal justification and factual accuracy
If you’re writing to ask the judge to dismiss a case, your letter needs to be logical, well-reasoned, and based on legal principles and solid evidence.
Be sure to include any documents or witness statements that back up your claims, and make sure to properly cite everything. It’s also a good idea to think about any arguments the other side might make and address them in your letter.
How to sound respectful
When you write to a judge, you need to use a respectful tone. You’re asking for a favor, so you want to avoid sounding demanding or entitled. Here are some tips:
- Always address the judge correctly, such as “Dear Judge [Last Name].”
- Use formal language and avoid slang.
- Be polite and courteous in all your statements.
- Don’t make accusations or use angry language.
Common mistakes to avoid
When writing a letter for a judge, be sure to avoid these common missteps:
- Emotional appeals: Avoid overly emotional language.
- Arguing against charges: Acknowledge the situation without disputing the charges.
- Vagueness: Don’t make general statements. Use specific examples.
- Errors: Proofread carefully for grammar and spelling.
- Length: Keep the letter concise.
- Conflicts of interest: Make sure the writer is an appropriate person with no conflicts of interest.
Conclusion
As you wrap up your letter to the judge, make sure you’ve clearly stated the main points you want to emphasize, whether it’s about the defendant’s good character or a strong argument why the case should be dismissed.
Thank the judge for taking the time to read and consider your thoughts. Close with a respectful sign-off, such as “Sincerely” or “Respectfully submitted.” If you’re writing a character letter, reiterate your request for leniency or any other specific actions you believe the judge should take.