Machu Picchu, the “Lost City of the Incas,” is arguably one of the most recognizable and historically significant sites in South America. This ancient citadel draws tourists from all over the globe, eager to explore its breathtaking architecture and learn about the Inca civilization.
But what is the altitude of Machu Picchu, and how might it affect your visit? That’s what we’re here to explore. While Machu Picchu sits at a significant height, it’s important to note that other locations in Peru reach even greater altitudes.
Altitude sickness is a real concern for many travelers. We’ll cover the altitude of Machu Picchu, Cusco, and the Sacred Valley, as well as common altitude sickness symptoms and what you can do to prevent them.
Machu Picchu’s Altitude and Location
Machu Picchu sits high in the Andes Mountains, a UNESCO World Heritage Site surrounded by breathtaking scenery. But just how high is it?
Precise Altitude of Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu is 7,972 feet (2,430 meters) above sea level.
The mountain air is thin and crisp at this altitude, and the views from the ancient Incan citadel are stunning. The surrounding landscape is lush and green, a vibrant contrast to the grey stone of the ruins. Being at this altitude is part of the overall Machu Picchu experience.
Mountains Around Machu Picchu
While 7,972 feet is quite high, some of the surrounding peaks are even taller. Huayna Picchu, the iconic mountain often seen in photos of Machu Picchu, reaches an altitude of 8,923 feet (2,720 meters). Machu Picchu Mountain, which offers panoramic views of the entire area, tops out at 10,111 feet (3,082 meters).
So, while Huayna Picchu and Machu Picchu Mountain are higher, Machu Picchu itself is still at a considerable altitude that can affect visitors. It’s important to be aware of the potential effects of altitude sickness and take precautions to acclimatize.
Cusco’s Altitude: A Crucial Comparison
Most people who visit Machu Picchu travel through the city of Cusco. Cusco sits at a whopping 11,152 feet (3,399 meters) above sea level.
Many people are surprised to learn that Cusco is actually much higher than Machu Picchu. Cusco is more than 3,116 feet (950 meters) higher!
Because most travelers arrive in Cusco first, it’s important to understand the elevation difference and plan your trip accordingly. Acclimatizing to Cusco’s altitude before visiting Machu Picchu can make a big difference in your overall experience. It’s best to spend a few days in Cusco, taking it easy, before heading to Machu Picchu.
The Sacred Valley: Easing into the Altitude
If you’re worried about altitude sickness, spending a few days in the Sacred Valley is a great idea. The Sacred Valley sits at a lower altitude than Cusco, making it easier to adjust before heading to Machu Picchu.
Consider these altitudes of towns in the Sacred Valley:
- Pisac: 2,980 meters / 9,776 feet above sea level
- Urubamba: 2,870 meters / 9,416 feet above sea level
- Ollantaytambo: 2,850 meters / 9,350 feet above sea level
By spending time in the Sacred Valley, your body can gradually adapt to the thinner air, reducing the risk of altitude sickness when you finally visit Machu Picchu.
Altitude Sickness: Symptoms and Causes
Altitude sickness, sometimes called soroche or mountain sickness, can be a problem when you travel to places that are at a high altitude. It’s caused by the lower oxygen levels you encounter at altitudes above 7,874 feet (2,400 meters).
Common Symptoms
If you’re ascending to a high altitude, be on the lookout for symptoms like:
- Tiredness or fatigue
- Nausea
- Insomnia
- Headaches
- Rapid heartbeat
- Loss of appetite
In severe cases, high altitude can lead to altitude cerebral edema (swelling of the brain) and altitude pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs), both of which are extremely dangerous and require immediate medical attention.
Preventing Altitude Sickness: Practical Strategies
The secret to enjoying Machu Picchu is to take your time and let your body adjust to the altitude. Here are a few tried-and-true strategies to help you prevent altitude sickness.
Acclimatization is key
The main thing is to give your body time to adjust. The Union Internationale des Associations d’Alpinisme (UIAA) recommends that you only gain a maximum of 500 meters (1,640 feet) in elevation each day after you reach 3,000 meters (9,842 feet) above sea level.
Practical Tips for Prevention
Here are a few more things you can do to help your body adjust to the thinner air:
- Stay hydrated
- Eat nutritious meals with plenty of carbohydrates and natural sugars
- Consider taking altitude sickness pills, such as Sorojchi Pills
- Drink coca tea, a traditional remedy
- Consider chlorophyll drops
- Avoid strenuous activity for the first few days
- Limit or avoid alcohol
- Eat light meals
- Get plenty of rest
By taking it slow and being mindful of your body, you can minimize the risk of altitude sickness and fully appreciate the breathtaking beauty of Machu Picchu.
Preparing for the Trip: Physical and Mental Readiness
It’s a good idea to prepare physically before you visit Machu Picchu. Any kind of training that strengthens your heart and lungs will help. Try to incorporate some hiking into your routine, if possible. If not, hit the gym and use the treadmill or elliptical.
You should also prepare yourself mentally. Altitude sickness can happen to anyone, no matter how healthy they are. Be patient with yourself, and allow your body to adjust to the new environment.
Other things to know before you go
Machu Picchu’s climate varies a lot, so you should pack for a range of temperatures. Bringing layers is a good idea. You’ll probably want to have sunscreen, a hat, and a waterproof jacket, too.
If you’re flying into the area, you may want to consider taking a bus for part of your trip. That can give your body more time to adjust to the altitude than flying directly into Cusco.
In Closing
Machu Picchu’s altitude is an important factor to consider when planning your trip. Understanding the potential effects of altitude sickness and taking appropriate precautions is essential for a safe and enjoyable experience.
Give yourself time to acclimatize to the elevation, and be sure to follow all recommended preventive measures. With proper preparation, you can minimize the risks of altitude sickness and fully immerse yourself in the wonder and beauty of this remarkable ancient city.
Visiting Machu Picchu is a truly rewarding experience, and being well-prepared will help you make the most of your time there.