Machu Picchu. Just the name conjures up images of a lost world, a testament to the ingenuity of the Inca civilization. This UNESCO World Heritage site, nestled high in the Andes Mountains of Peru, draws visitors from across the globe. But before you book your trip, there’s something important to consider: the altitude.
This article will explore the elevation of Machu Picchu, Peru, in feet, and how that elevation can affect your experience. We’ll compare its altitude to other high-altitude locations, discuss the common effects visitors experience, and provide practical tips for acclimatization to help you make the most of your visit.
Did you know that while the elevation of Machu Picchu, Peru, is lower than that of Cusco, it can still pose a significant challenge for many travelers? Read on to learn how to prepare for your trip and enjoy the breathtaking views without feeling breathless!
Understanding Machu Picchu’s Location and Geography
Machu Picchu is located in Peru, about 50 miles northwest of Cusco. It sits in the Urubamba River valley, surrounded by a lush cloud forest.
Notable Geographic Features
The ancient citadel was strategically built high in the mountains, which offered protection from invaders and access to water and other resources. The peaks of Huayna Picchu and Machu Picchu Mountain surround the site. These peaks played an important part in the overall landscape, and some scholars believe they had religious significance for the Inca people.
What’s the altitude of Machu Picchu?
Machu Picchu sits 2,430 meters (7,972 feet) above sea level.
Altitude refers to the height of a location relative to sea level. As altitude increases, atmospheric pressure decreases, meaning there’s less oxygen available in the air.
While Machu Picchu is lower than Cusco (the city many travelers fly into before visiting Machu Picchu), its altitude is still significant. The reduced oxygen levels can affect visitors, and it’s common for tourists to experience altitude sickness, also called soroche.
Altitude sickness can cause headaches, nausea, fatigue, and shortness of breath. If you’re planning a trip to Machu Picchu, talk to your doctor about ways to prevent or manage altitude sickness.
Machu Picchu vs. Cusco
Travelers often fly into Cusco, the historic capital of the Inca empire, before heading to Machu Picchu. Cusco is located at a whopping 11,152 feet (3,399 meters) above sea level, and it’s not unusual for tourists to experience altitude sickness symptoms like headache, dizziness, and shortness of breath.
Because Machu Picchu’s elevation is lower than Cusco’s, some travelers spend a day or two in Cusco to acclimate to the elevation before heading to Machu Picchu. This strategy may help prevent altitude sickness from ruining your vacation.
Even though Machu Picchu’s elevation is lower than Cusco’s, you should still take it easy and drink plenty of fluids when you arrive to give your body a chance to adjust to the change in altitude.
Machu Picchu elevation compared to surrounding peaks
While Machu Picchu itself sits at 7,972 feet above sea level, the surrounding peaks reach even greater heights. Here’s a look at the elevations of some of the mountains near Machu Picchu:
Huayna Picchu Elevation
Huayna Picchu reaches an elevation of 2,693 meters, or 8,835 feet. The hike to the summit of Huayna Picchu is known for its steepness and the stunning views it offers. It’s a popular add-on to a Machu Picchu visit, so be sure to book tickets well in advance.
Machu Picchu Mountain Elevation
Machu Picchu Mountain towers over the area at 3,082 meters, or 10,111 feet. While the trek up Machu Picchu Mountain is longer and more strenuous than the Huayna Picchu hike, many travelers feel the panoramic views are worth the effort. Plus, it tends to be less crowded.
Huchuy Picchu Elevation
For a less challenging climb, consider Huchuy Picchu, which reaches 2,497 meters (8,192 feet). The hike to the top is shorter and less strenuous than either Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain, making it a good option for those looking for a moderate trek with rewarding views.
How Does Machu Picchu’s Altitude Affect Visitors?
At 7,972 feet, Machu Picchu can affect visitors who aren’t used to higher elevations. As you go up, the air gets thinner, meaning there’s less oxygen available. Your body tries to compensate by making you breathe faster.
Some people experience altitude sickness, also known as “soroche” in Peru. Symptoms can include headaches, feeling tired, nausea, and dizziness. It’s important to recognize these symptoms and take action right away. Rest, drink plenty of water, and if you feel really bad, seek medical help.
Altitude sickness can be serious if you don’t address it. In rare cases, it can even be deadly. So, listen to your body, take it easy, and don’t push yourself too hard when you first arrive.
How the Sacred Valley can help you acclimatize
The Sacred Valley, near Machu Picchu, has towns at different elevations that can help you adjust to the altitude.
Elevation differences in the valley
Towns such as Ollantaytambo, Chinchero, and Pisac are at lower elevations than Cusco, so you can use them as a stopping point to allow your body to adjust.
- Ollantaytambo: 9,416 feet (2,870 meters)
- Chinchero: 12,221 feet (3,725 meters)
- Pisac: 9,751 feet (2,972 meters)
Strategic acclimatization points
Spending a day or two in the Sacred Valley before heading to Machu Picchu can help you acclimatize gradually and reduce the risk of altitude sickness.
What’s the weather like at Machu Picchu?
Machu Picchu’s weather tends to be mild, but there are distinct wet and dry seasons. The dry season is from April to October, and the wet season runs from November to March.
The average temperature at Machu Picchu is 61°F (16°C).
Most people find that the best time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season. You’re less likely to deal with rain, and the skies are often clear, offering stunning views of the surrounding mountains.
Essential gear for high-altitude travel
Whether you’re planning to visit Machu Picchu or another high-altitude destination, it’s important to pack carefully.
Clothing and footwear
It’s always a good idea to bring layers of clothing. Temperatures can fluctuate a lot, especially if you’re going to be at a higher elevation. Good, sturdy hiking boots are also a must.
Accessories and essentials
Be sure to pack sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses to protect yourself from the sun. Staying hydrated is also key, so bring a water bottle and drink plenty of fluids.
Medical considerations and safety precautions
If you’re planning a trip to Machu Picchu, there are a few things to keep in mind to make sure you have a safe and enjoyable experience.
Health preparations
It’s a good idea to talk with your doctor before you travel, especially if you have a pre-existing health condition. Be sure to discuss ways to prevent altitude sickness, too.
Emergency resources
Make sure you know the local emergency numbers and how to access emergency services in Peru.
Travel insurance requirements
It’s wise to purchase travel insurance that covers high-altitude activities and emergencies, just in case.
Tips for Visiting Machu Picchu at High Altitude
Machu Picchu is at a seriously high altitude, so you need to take precautions.
First, give yourself time to get used to it! Spend a few days in Cusco or the Sacred Valley before you go to Machu Picchu.
Also, stay hydrated. Avoid alcohol and big meals. And take it easy on your first day.
Some people take altitude sickness medication like Diamox. Talk to your doctor about whether that’s right for you.
Summary
Machu Picchu sits at about 7,972 feet (2,430 meters) above sea level, a height that can affect visitors who aren’t used to thinner air. That’s why it’s essential to take altitude sickness seriously and plan ahead.
Before you go, research the symptoms of altitude sickness and talk to your doctor about preventative medications. It’s also important to spend a few days acclimatizing in Cusco or another high-altitude city before heading to Machu Picchu.
With the right preparation, you can have a safe and unforgettable experience exploring this amazing Incan citadel.