If you’re a breastfeeding parent using a breast pump, you’re not alone if you’ve experienced sore nipples. Nipple soreness is a super common complaint among pumping parents.
But don’t just grin and bear it! Persistent pain can impact your milk supply and make you want to stop pumping (and breastfeeding altogether).
This guide is designed to help you understand why you might be experiencing nipple soreness while pumping, how to prevent it, and what you can do to find relief. We’ll share some practical tips and solutions to make your pumping experience more comfortable and effective.
Is nipple soreness after pumping normal?
A little discomfort when you first start pumping is pretty common, especially during the first few weeks as your body adjusts. For example, many women experience a brief twinge of nipple pain that lasts for 10 to 15 seconds when they first start a pumping session. That’s usually nothing to worry about.
But there’s a difference between that kind of fleeting discomfort and persistent pain. If the pain lasts longer than the first few minutes of pumping, or if it continues after the first two weeks, it’s time to figure out what’s going on.
Ongoing or severe pain is not normal, and it means something isn’t right. You’ll need to identify the underlying problem and find a solution.
Common Causes of Nipple Soreness After Pumping
Pumping shouldn’t hurt. If you’re experiencing sore nipples after pumping, it’s important to figure out the cause so you can make the necessary adjustments. Here are some of the most common culprits:
Incorrect Flange Size and Placement
Getting the right flange size is key to comfortable pumping. If your flange is too small or too large, you may experience nipple rubbing or a painful tugging sensation.
A properly sized flange allows your nipple to move freely inside the tunnel without rubbing. You want a comfortable seal that covers your nipple and some of your areola, with about 3 to 5 mm of space around your nipple.
If your flange is too small, your nipple will rub against the tunnel, causing friction. If it’s too large, too much of your areola will be pulled into the tunnel, causing discomfort. An incorrect flange size can lead to pain, nipple damage, and even a reduced milk supply.
Improper Pumping Technique and Settings
Using too much suction can also cause sore nipples. High suction can traumatize your nipple tissue.
When you start pumping, begin with the lowest suction setting and gradually increase it only to the point where you feel comfortable. It’s a balancing act — you want to express milk efficiently without causing pain.
Pumping for too long can also cause nipple irritation. If you start to feel pain, shorten your pumping sessions. If you’re concerned about your milk supply, make sure you maintain your pumping frequency.
Skin Issues and Nipple Vasospasm
Dry, chafed skin is more prone to cracking and irritation, which can make pumping painful. Make sure to keep your nipples moisturized with a lanolin ointment or nipple cream.
Nipple vasospasm is the constriction of blood vessels in the nipple, which can cause intense pain. It’s sometimes linked to Raynaud’s phenomenon, a condition that affects blood flow to the extremities.
Symptoms of vasospasm include blanching (white nipples) followed by blue or red discoloration and throbbing pain. If you suspect you have nipple vasospasm, make sure to keep your nipples warm and avoid exposing them to cold. You can try using warm compresses or wearing breast pads to help retain heat.
Other Potential Causes of Nipple Soreness
Sometimes, nipple soreness is a sign of an underlying issue. Here are a few things that could be contributing to your discomfort:
Engorgement
When your breasts become engorged, they swell and put pressure on your nipples. This can make pumping really uncomfortable. Frequent pumping or hand expression can relieve some of the pressure, and cold compresses may help to reduce inflammation.
Clogged Ducts and Mastitis
A clogged milk duct can cause localized pain and tenderness in your breast. If a clogged duct goes untreated, it can lead to mastitis, an infection of the breast tissue.
Mastitis can cause fever, redness, swelling, and flu-like symptoms, and it usually requires medical treatment, often antibiotics. So, if you suspect you have mastitis, it’s important to see a doctor or other healthcare provider.
Thrush
Thrush is a fungal infection that can cause intense nipple pain. Symptoms of thrush include shiny, flaky, or itchy nipples and shooting pains in the breast. If you think you or your baby has thrush, it’s important to get it treated. Treatment typically involves antifungal medication for both mother and baby to prevent re-infection.
Preventing Nipple Soreness Before and During Pumping
Nipple soreness from pumping is common, but there are steps you can take to minimize discomfort and prevent it from developing in the first place. Here’s what to do.
Optimizing Flange Fit and Pumping Technique
Flange fit is key, so it’s important to keep checking the flange size you’re using, because your nipple size can change over time. You’ll also want to make sure you’re using the right suction settings. Start low and increase the suction gradually. If you’re nursing as well as pumping, make sure your baby’s latch is good so you’re not putting unnecessary strain on your nipples.
Skin Care and Lubrication
Moisturizing can help keep your nipples supple and less prone to cracking and soreness. Use coconut or olive oil-based creams or ointments to moisturize your nipples and areola both before and after pumping. Lanolin and plant-based emollients can help protect your skin. It’s also a good idea to avoid using soap on your breasts, as soap can dry out your skin.
Pre-Pumping Breast Massage
Massaging your breasts before pumping can help increase milk flow and decrease skin sensitivity. Use a gentle circular motion to stimulate milk ducts and get things moving.
How to relieve nipple soreness after pumping
Pumping can put a lot of stress on your nipples. Here’s how to ease the pain:
- Apply cold packs or cooling gel pads. Cold can reduce inflammation and provide immediate relief.
- Use warm compresses. Warmth can also help. It promotes blood flow, which encourages healing.
- Moisturize. Keeping your nipples moisturized is crucial, especially if you have cracked nipples. Lanolin is a popular choice, but there are plenty of nipple creams and balms available.
- Take pain relievers. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) or acetaminophen (Tylenol) can help you manage pain. As always, check with your doctor about medication safety, especially if you’re taking other medications.
When to seek professional advice
Nipple soreness from pumping should get better as you adjust, but persistent or worsening pain isn’t normal.
If you’re experiencing pain, a lactation consultant or breastfeeding support group can offer advice and support. They can help you adjust your pumping technique and find the right flange size.
You should seek immediate medical attention if:
- Your nipples are cracked, bleeding, or appear infected
- You have symptoms of mastitis or thrush
These conditions may require medical treatment, and a lactation consultant can help you identify and address any underlying issues.
In Closing
If you’re pumping breastmilk, taking care of your nipples is key to making pumping a comfortable and sustainable part of your routine. Making sure your flange fits well, taking good care of your skin, and using the right pumping techniques are all essential.
If you have persistent or severe nipple pain, don’t hesitate to reach out to a lactation consultant, your healthcare provider, or a support group. They can help you troubleshoot and find solutions that work for you.
With the right knowledge and support, breastfeeding and pumping can be a positive and rewarding experience for you and your baby. So, take care of yourself and your nipples, and enjoy the journey!