Peru is a land of diversity and wonder, offering something for every kind of traveler. At twice the size of Texas and four times larger than Italy, Peru boasts hundreds of wonderful places to visit.
The country is steeped in history, the former home of the Inca, Chimú, and Moche civilizations. This history has left behind numerous UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Plus, from the towering Andes Mountains to the lush Amazon rainforest, Peru’s natural landscapes are simply breathtaking.
This guide will take you on a journey through some of the must-see tourist attractions of Peru, venturing from the iconic landmarks to the hidden gems that make this country so special. Whether you have two weeks or just a week to explore, we’ll help you plan a trip that suits your interests and leaves you with memories to last a lifetime. So, get ready to discover the magic of Peru!
Machu Picchu: The Lost City of the Incas
No trip to Peru is complete without experiencing the majesty of Machu Picchu. Perched high in the Andes Mountains, 300 meters above the Urubamba River, this “lost city” is a breathtaking testament to the ingenuity and skill of the Inca civilization.
Discovery and Significance
Machu Picchu, now one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, wasn’t widely known until its rediscovery in the early 20th century. Today, it’s easily accessible as a day trip by train from Aguas Calientes, the town at the foot of the mountain.
Experiencing Machu Picchu
To truly immerse yourself in the experience, consider hiking the Inca Trail. This popular four-day trek is challenging but incredibly rewarding, offering stunning views and a deep connection to the history of the region.
Once you arrive at the citadel, hiring a guide can enrich your visit. Be sure to stick to the designated tour routes to help preserve this fragile historical site.
For the most spectacular panoramic views, consider climbing Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain. These ascents offer unparalleled perspectives of the ruins and the surrounding landscape.
Practical Advice
Planning is essential, especially if you’re hoping to hike the Inca Trail. Reservations should be made well in advance, particularly during the high season (June-August). Purchase your Machu Picchu tickets through the official website.
And don’t forget to pack for all types of weather. Even in the dry season, rain is possible, and sunblock is a must at this high altitude.
Cusco: The Historical Capital
Cusco, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is truly a city of two worlds. Here, you’ll find impressive Inca ruins melded seamlessly with stunning colonial architecture. The city offers a fascinating glimpse into Peru’s rich and layered history.
A City of Two Worlds
Inca Foundations
One of Cusco’s most remarkable sites is Saqsaywaman, an Inca fortress perched high at 12,142 feet. This impressive structure offers not only a testament to Inca engineering but also breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.
Colonial Influence
Cusco’s architectural treasures beautifully showcase the blend of Inca and Spanish styles. The Plaza de Armas, the city’s central square, is surrounded by stunning colonial buildings that reflect this unique fusion.
Exploring Cusco’s Treasures
Religious Sites
Don’t miss the Cusco Cathedral, a masterpiece of colonial architecture, and the Coricancha, an Inca temple that was once covered in gold. These sites offer a glimpse into the spiritual heart of Cusco.
Nearby Ruins
A short drive from Cusco lies the Sacred Valley, a peaceful area filled with Inca ruins and bustling markets. At just an hour’s drive from Cuzco, the Sacred Valley makes for a great day trip.
Lake Titicaca: The Highest Navigable Lake
Lake Titicaca, sitting high in the Andes at 12,506 feet (3,812 meters) above sea level, is more than just a pretty body of water. It’s a vibrant ecosystem and a doorway into Peru’s indigenous cultures.
A unique ecosystem
The sheer altitude of Lake Titicaca is breathtaking, and the views of the surrounding mountains are stunning. But what makes this lake truly special is the opportunity to connect with Peru’s indigenous communities. You can visit the Uros Floating Islands, which are made entirely of reeds, and spend time in the charming villages that dot the shoreline.
Exploring the lake
A trip to the Uros Floating Islands is a must. You’ll learn how the Uros people construct and maintain these unique islands and get a glimpse into their traditional way of life. Another island worth exploring is Taquile Island, famous for its intricate textiles and weaving traditions. The views from Taquile are simply spectacular.
Practical advice
Because of the high altitude, it’s a good idea to pack warm clothing, even if the forecast calls for sunshine. Acclimatize to the altitude before you start hiking or doing anything strenuous. Give your body a chance to adjust, and you’ll be able to fully enjoy the beauty and wonder of Lake Titicaca.
Arequipa and Colca Canyon: A Journey to the Depths
Arequipa and Colca Canyon are two destinations in Peru that offer a unique blend of cultural immersion and natural beauty. You’ll want to set aside a few days to visit these landmarks.
Arequipa: The White City
Arequipa, known as the “white city,” boasts a UNESCO-recognized historic city center, constructed from gleaming white volcanic stone. The city’s architecture is a stunning example of colonial-era design, with intricate facades and grand plazas that transport you back in time.
It’s also the gateway to Colca Canyon.
Colca Canyon: A Natural Wonder
At a depth of 3,400 meters, Colca Canyon is the second deepest canyon on the planet. The canyon offers breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape, along with the chance to spot some of Peru’s unique wildlife.
One of the canyon’s most famous attractions is the Andean condor, a majestic bird with a wingspan of up to 10 feet. Head to the Cruz del Condor viewpoint, where you can witness these magnificent creatures soaring through the skies.
Ica and Huacachina: Desert Oasis and Adventure
If you’re looking for a break from the mountains and ruins, the Ica region offers a completely different landscape. Here, you’ll find a desert oasis and adventures galore.
Ica: Gateway to the Desert
Ica is well-known for its vineyards and distilleries. Take a tour of one of the local wineries, and sample some of the pisco and wines they make.
Ica is also the jumping-off point for the Nazca Lines and Islas Ballestas, both about a 90-minute trip from the city. Book your flights and tours in advance to make sure you can see the sights you want to see.
Huacachina: An Oasis of Fun
Just a few minutes from Ica, you’ll find the oasis town of Huacachina, where you can try sandboarding or take a thrilling dune buggy ride across the towering dunes.
If you’d rather relax, you can simply enjoy the peaceful atmosphere around the lagoon. Huacachina is about a 4-hour drive from Lima.
Lima: Coastal Charm and Historical Significance
Don’t miss Peru’s capital city on your trip! Lima is a city of contrasts that’s worth a visit for its coastal beauty and its historical significance.
A City of Contrasts
Spend some time in the coastal villages and suburbs of Lima to take in the seaside scenery. Lima’s historic center, a UNESCO World Heritage site, features colonial architecture and plenty of historical attractions.
Exploring Lima’s Districts
Here are some of the notable districts in Lima:
- Miraflores: Stroll along the Malecon in Miraflores for ocean views and photo ops. Visit Parque del Amor for sculptures and mosaics.
- Barranco: A charming, bohemian district of Lima, Barranco is the place to sip pisco cocktails at vintage bars.
Cultural Gems
Lima has plenty to offer in the way of cultural attractions:
- Museums: Check out the Museo Larco, MALI (Museo de Arte de Lima), and the Amano Museum.
- Culinary Delights: Lima is known for its world-class cuisine. Be sure to sample ceviche, a traditional Peruvian dish.
Other Notable Attractions in Peru
Beyond the big names like Machu Picchu and Lake Titicaca, Peru is packed with unforgettable sights and experiences. Here are a few more spots you might want to add to your itinerary:
Northern Peru
Venture north and you’ll find a different side of Peru, one that’s a little less traveled but no less fascinating.
- Chachapoyas: This region boasts incredible archaeological sites like the Kuelap Fortress, perched high at 9,842 feet, and the mysterious sarcophagi of Karajia.
- Trujillo: Explore Chan Chan, the largest pre-Columbian city in the Americas, or relax on the beaches of Huanchaco, where you can see traditional reed boats called caballitos de totora. Consider following the Moche Route to uncover ancient pyramids and temples.
- Cajamarca: Known for its cheese, Cajamarca offers a taste of local life away from the tourist crowds.
The Amazon Rainforest
No trip to Peru is complete without a visit to the Amazon.
- Puerto Maldonado: This city serves as a gateway to the rainforest, particularly the vast Reserva Nacional Tambopata, spanning 1,060 square miles.
- Iquitos: If you’re dreaming of an Amazon cruise, aim for the high-water season (November to May) for the best experience.
Central Highlands
- Oxapampa: Explore this region on foot or by bike, taking in the stunning scenery. A trip to Pozuzo, about 50 miles away, is well worth it.
Before venturing into the Central Highlands, be sure to check travel advisories and be aware of the region’s history and any potential safety concerns.
Other Gems
Don’t overlook these other incredible destinations:
- Sillustani: Marvel at the impressive funerary towers overlooking Lake Umayo.
- Cordillera Blanca: This mountain range offers challenging hikes and breathtaking scenery for experienced trekkers.
- Salcantay: Hike the popular 37-mile Salcantay Trail, a stunning alternative route to Machu Picchu, reaching an altitude of 20,574 feet.
Closing Thoughts
A Land of Endless Discovery
Peru offers something for every traveler. Whether you’re looking for adventure, relaxation, or a deep dive into history and culture, Peru has it all. From the mysteries of Machu Picchu to the vibrant colors of Rainbow Mountain and the depths of the Amazon rainforest, there’s always a new wonder waiting to be discovered.
Planning Your Peruvian Adventure
When planning your trip, think about what you want to see and do. Consider the time of year, and book your accommodations and tours in advance, especially if you’re traveling during peak season. And if you plan to visit high-altitude destinations like Cusco or Lake Titicaca, be sure to take precautions to avoid altitude sickness.
A Journey to Remember
Prepare to be amazed by the beauty, the history, and the vibrant culture of Peru. From the moment you arrive, you’ll be swept away by the warmth of the people, the richness of the cuisine, and the sheer diversity of the landscapes. A trip to Peru is more than just a vacation; it’s an unforgettable journey that will stay with you long after you’ve returned home.