Your roof does more than just keep the rain out. It’s a critical part of your home’s structure, protecting everything inside from the elements.
When roofers talk about materials, they often use the term “square.” A roofing square isn’t actually square-shaped. Instead, it’s a standard unit of measurement in the roofing industry. Using this measurement makes it easier to estimate the amount of material needed, plan projects, and calculate costs.
This article will explain what a roofing square is, including how many feet are in a roofing square, how it’s calculated, and why it’s important for both homeowners and roofing professionals to understand this concept.
What is a roofing square?
In the roofing business, a “square” is a unit of area used to measure the size of a roof. One roofing square equals 100 square feet, which is the same as a 10-foot by 10-foot area.
Roofers use the term “square” to work out how much material they’ll need for the job, figure out how big the project is, and estimate how much labor it will take. Roofing materials are often made in sizes that fit neatly into standard roofing squares.
Standardized measurements are important in construction because they make sure everyone is using the same amount of material, and that cost estimates are accurate from one project to the next.
Using squares gives roofers and homeowners a common language for talking about the work. When roofers talk about “squares,” they can easily tell homeowners how much work is involved and how much material they’ll need.
Calculating Roofing Squares
Roofing material is priced and sold by the “square,” but what exactly does that mean when you’re trying to figure out how much material you need?
Measuring Roof Area
To figure out how many squares you need, you’ll have to start by measuring the roof itself. Remember the formula for the area of a rectangle? It’s simply length times width.
- Measure the length and width of each flat plane of the roof.
- Multiply the length and width to get the area of that section.
Accurate measurements are crucial for ordering the right amount of roofing material and for coming up with an accurate estimate of how much the project will cost.
Accounting for Roof Pitch
Roof pitch is the slope of the roof, expressed as the number of inches the roof rises for every 12 inches of horizontal distance (“rise over run”). If your roof is steeply pitched, it will have more surface area than a flatter roof, and you’ll need more material to cover it.
To compensate for the roof’s slope, you’ll need to apply a pitch factor to your measurements.
Calculating Total Roofing Squares
To find the total area to be covered, add the area of each plane of the roof.
Then, divide the total square footage by 100. The result is the number of roofing squares you’ll need to complete the job.
Roofing Materials and Squares
Roofing materials, such as shingles, are often sold in quantities calculated to cover one roofing square (100 square feet).
Shingles and Bundles
For example, asphalt shingles are often packaged with three bundles to the square. So, if your roof is 1500 square feet, you’ll need 15 roofing squares, or 45 bundles of shingles.
Keep in mind that the number of bundles you’ll need per square depends on the type of shingle you choose, as well as the size of each shingle.
Other Roofing Materials
You’ll also need to purchase other materials, such as underlayment, roofing felt, flashing, cap sheets, and nails. These materials are also specified per roofing square.
Waste Factor
When calculating the amount of materials you need, roofers typically add a buffer of 10% to 15% to account for waste.
It’s always a good idea to add a waste allowance to your order, just in case you need a few extra shingles or a bit more flashing to finish the job right.
Factors Affecting Roofing Square Costs
When you’re budgeting for a new roof, there are a few factors that will influence how much each roofing square ends up costing you.
Material Type
The type of roofing material you choose will have a significant effect on the cost of your roof replacement. Asphalt shingles are generally the most affordable option, while tile, slate, or metal roofing will cost you significantly more.
For example, you might pay $100 per square for basic asphalt shingles, while slate could run you $800 or more per square.
Labor Costs
Labor is another major cost component, and it can vary widely. You might pay anywhere from $150 to $300 (or even more) per square for labor, depending on several things.
The complexity of the job and the slope of your roof will affect labor costs. If your roof has a lot of dormers, chimneys, or other architectural features, it will take longer to install, which means higher labor costs.
Location and Market Conditions
Where you live can also influence the price of a square of roofing. Material costs and labor rates vary from region to region. Material availability can also play a role.
Even the time of year can affect the price of a new roof, as roofing companies may be busier (and therefore charge more) during certain seasons.
Why professional roofing services are important
Measuring your roof and buying roofing materials can be tricky. Here’s why it’s often best to consult with a professional roofing contractor.
Accurate measurements
Professional roofers can provide the most accurate measurements for your roof, which can help you make sure you’re buying the right amount of materials. If you try to measure the roof yourself, you could end up with too little material to finish the job or too much, resulting in overspending.
Safe installation
Roofing work can be dangerous. Working at heights increases your risk of falls and other injuries. Professional roofers have the training and equipment to install your roof safely and correctly.
Expertise and warranty
Roofing contractors have the expertise to assess your roofing needs and make sure the job is done right. Many roofing companies offer warranties on their work, so you can rest assured that your investment is protected.
Frequently Asked Questions
How big is a 20 sq roof?
When we talk about a “20 square roof,” we’re talking about a roof that covers 2,000 square feet. Remember, one roofing square is 100 square feet, so 20 squares multiplied by 100 equals 2,000. This measurement is used to determine how much roofing material you’ll need for the job.
Summary
A roofing square, equal to 100 square feet, is the standard unit of measurement roofers use when estimating materials and providing quotes. Understanding this measurement is key to planning your roofing project, whether you’re replacing shingles, repairing damage, or building a new structure.
Accurate measurements are essential for purchasing the right amount of materials without waste, saving you money. While it’s possible to calculate the area of your roof yourself, professional installation is crucial for safety and ensuring a high-quality, long-lasting roof.
For the most accurate measurements and cost estimates, especially if your roof has a steep pitch or complex design, it’s always best to consult with experienced roofing professionals. They can provide expert guidance and ensure your roofing project is a success.