Headaches and toothaches are both pretty common problems. And while you might not think the two are related, sometimes your teeth can actually cause your head to hurt. The connection comes down to a major nerve called the trigeminal nerve.
Understanding how your teeth can trigger a headache is an important step in figuring out how to treat the pain. The more you know about the connection between teeth pain and headache, the better you can work with your doctor or dentist to find relief.
This article will give you a complete overview of headaches caused by tooth problems, including the causes, symptoms, and how to manage them.
The connection between dental issues and headaches
It might not be immediately obvious that a toothache could cause a headache, but there’s a definite connection.
How dental problems can trigger headaches
Here are a couple of the main ways dental problems can trigger headaches:
Inflammation and nerve irritation
If you have poor oral health, it can lead to inflammation that then irritates blood vessels and nerves. The trigeminal nerve, which connects your teeth, face, and head, is often involved in this.
Referred pain
It’s also possible for pain from a toothache to be “referred” to your head. This is also related to the trigeminal nerve pathways. When pain is referred, it can be hard to pinpoint exactly where it’s coming from.
Common dental culprits
Here are some common dental problems that can result in headaches:
Cavities and infections
If you don’t get cavities treated, they can lead to infections that cause pain that radiates to your head.
Bruxism (teeth grinding)
Grinding your teeth can strain your jaw muscles, and that can cause both tooth pain and headaches.
Pinpointing a dental-related headache
How can you tell if your headache is related to your teeth? Here are some things to look for.
Localized pain and associated symptoms
If you can pinpoint the pain to your jaw, temple, or mouth, that’s a clue that your headache could be related to a dental problem.
Also, pay attention to whether you have any tooth sensitivity, especially to hot, cold, or pressure. Increased sensitivity could point to a problem in your mouth.
TMJ involvement
The temporomandibular joint, or TMJ, is the joint that connects your jawbone to your skull. TMJ disorders happen when the joint is misaligned, or when the muscles around it aren’t working as they should. TMJ problems are a known cause of headaches.
If you have clicking, popping, or locking of the jaw, you may want to ask your dentist about TMJ disorders.
Pain synchronization
Does your headache get worse when you bite down or clench your teeth? If so, that’s another sign that your headache could be dental in origin.
If you have a persistent toothache or general discomfort in your mouth, and you’re also having headaches, it’s probably a good idea to see your dentist.
Underlying dental issues and medical conditions
Sometimes a toothache and headache together mean you’ve got an underlying dental problem or medical condition that needs attention.
Dental problems
Cavities, gum disease, and cracked teeth can cause headaches. These problems can also lead to infections that radiate pain to other parts of your head and neck.
Sinus infections
A sinus infection can feel a lot like a toothache, especially if the infection is in your upper sinuses near your back teeth. If you also have sinus pressure and congestion, that’s a strong indication your pain is coming from a sinus infection and not your teeth.
Rare conditions
In very rare cases, a dental infection can lead to a dangerous complication called cavernous sinus thrombosis. This condition requires immediate medical attention.
Emergency Warning Signs: When to Seek Immediate Care
Most of the causes of tooth pain and headaches aren’t emergencies, but some are. Here are some warning signs that mean you should seek immediate care from a doctor or dentist:
- Severe, unbearable pain: Don’t try to tough it out. Get help right away.
- Significant facial swelling: This could be a sign of a serious infection.
- High fever and breathing difficulties: Trouble breathing or swallowing along with a high fever are also emergency symptoms.
- Neurological symptoms: If you suddenly feel confused or dizzy, seek immediate attention.
Management and Treatment Options
When a headache and tooth pain strike at the same time, it’s time to find a way to manage the pain and treat the cause.
Home Remedies and Over-the-Counter Solutions
For immediate relief, you may want to try the following:
- Pain relievers. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen and other NSAIDs, can offer temporary relief.
- Cold compresses. Applying a cold compress to your cheek or temple can reduce swelling and pain. Wrap an ice pack in a clean cloth, and apply for no more than 15 to 20 minutes at a time.
Professional Dental Treatments
If your pain persists, it may be time to see a dentist for one of these treatments:
- Dental fillings and root canals. If your headaches are related to cavities or infections, your dentist may recommend fillings or root canal therapy.
- Night guards for bruxism. A custom-fitted mouthguard can prevent teeth grinding and ease the pain caused by it.
- TMJ therapy. TMJ therapy can alleviate headaches related to temporomandibular joint disorders.
Medical Interventions
For headaches caused by sinus infections or trigeminal neuralgia, your doctor may prescribe these medical interventions:
- Antibiotics or other medications. Sinus infections are often treated with antibiotics or other medications.
- Medication or surgery for trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia is a painful condition that may require medication or even surgery.
How to prevent toothaches and headaches
You can prevent many toothaches and headaches with a few simple habits:
- Brush and floss every day. Good oral hygiene is the foundation of healthy teeth and gums.
- See your dentist regularly. Go in for a cleaning and check-up every six months.
- Find ways to relax. Stress can lead to teeth grinding, which can lead to pain.
- Stay hydrated and eat a balanced diet. Your overall health affects your oral health.
In Conclusion
It’s important to remember that your dental health and headaches can be related. Recognizing that connection is the first step toward managing both effectively. Don’t neglect your teeth and gums! Proactive dental care and quick attention to any dental issues can keep headaches and other complications at bay.
If you’re experiencing headaches along with tooth pain or other dental problems, talk with your dentist and your healthcare provider. Working together, they can help you find the best path forward to relieve your pain and restore your oral health.