Urinary tract infections, or UTIs, are pretty common. They can happen when bacteria get into your bladder, urethra, or even your kidneys. You probably know the usual symptoms: that constant feeling like you need to pee, the burning when you actually do pee, and cloudy urine.
But did you know a UTI might also make you bloated? It’s not one of the main symptoms, but some people experience bloating and general discomfort in their abdomen when they have a UTI.
So, does a UTI make you bloated? Let’s take a closer look at the possible link between UTIs and bloating, what might be causing it, and what you can do to find some relief. We’ll also cover some tips to help you prevent UTIs in the first place.
What is a UTI?
A urinary tract infection, or UTI, is an infection in your urinary system, which includes your bladder, urethra, ureters, and kidneys.
Causes of UTIs
Most UTIs happen when bacteria, often E. coli, enters the urinary tract. Women tend to get UTIs more often than men. This is because women have a shorter urethra, which makes it easier for bacteria to get to the bladder.
Common UTI Symptoms
The symptoms of a UTI can vary, but here are some of the most common ones:
- Burning sensation when you pee (dysuria)
- Frequent need to pee
- Urine that’s cloudy or smells strong
- Pain or discomfort in your pelvic area
Can a UTI cause bloating? Exploring the link
While not everyone with a UTI experiences bloating, there are a few ways a urinary tract infection could lead to that uncomfortable, full feeling.
Inflammation and fluid retention
UTIs trigger an inflammatory response. Your body’s immune system kicks into high gear to fight the infection, causing inflammation in the urinary tract. This inflammation can sometimes lead to fluid retention, which can give you that bloated sensation.
Digestive discomfort and gas
UTIs can also throw off your normal digestive function. Again, it’s that immune response at work, potentially affecting your digestive system. This disruption can lead to increased gas production and bloating.
Pelvic floor muscle tension
The pain and discomfort that come with a UTI can cause muscle tension, particularly in your pelvic floor. This muscle tension can contribute to a feeling of fullness and bloating in your lower abdomen.
How to tell if bloating is caused by a UTI
Bloating can be related to all sorts of things, so how do you know if your UTI is the culprit?
Start by asking yourself these questions:
- Do you feel a burning sensation when you pee?
- Do you have to pee more often than usual, or feel a sudden, urgent need to go?
- Is your urine cloudy or does it smell bad?
If you answered yes to any of those questions, your bloating might be related to a UTI. UTI-related bloating usually feels like pressure or fullness in your lower abdomen.
Also, keep in mind that antibiotics can cause bloating by disrupting your gut flora.
The gut health connection
It may seem odd, but your gut health may influence whether you develop UTIs.
Gut microbiome and UTIs
If your gut bacteria are out of balance, you may be at higher risk for developing UTIs, and imbalances can lead to recurring UTIs.
The E. coli bacteria that causes most UTIs can originate in your gut.
Probiotics and gut health
Probiotics may help restore balance to your gut biome and reduce the risk of recurring UTIs.
Talk to your healthcare provider about whether taking a probiotic supplement or eating probiotic-rich foods like yogurt and kefir could help you prevent future UTIs.
Relief strategies for UTI-related bloating
UTI symptoms can be painful and frustrating, but there are some things you can do to ease your discomfort and find some relief.
Hydration
Drinking plenty of water is a tried-and-true recommendation for a reason. Staying hydrated helps your body flush out bacteria, and it also helps reduce inflammation in your urinary tract.
Aim for eight to ten glasses of water per day, and try carrying a water bottle with you as a reminder to drink regularly.
Diet modifications
Steer clear of foods that can irritate your bladder, such as caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods, and acidic fruits. Instead, focus on gut-friendly foods like yogurt and fermented vegetables, which are rich in probiotics.
Heat therapy
Applying a warm compress or heating pad to your lower abdomen can help relieve pain and muscle tension.
Over-the-counter pain relief
Over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage pain and inflammation while you’re waiting for antibiotics to kick in.
Preventing future UTIs
If you’ve had a UTI once, you’re more likely to get them again. Here are a few steps you can take to protect yourself.
Good hygiene practices
- Always wipe from front to back after using the toilet to keep bacteria away from your urethra.
- Avoid harsh soaps and douches, which can irritate your urinary tract and throw off your pH balance.
Post-intercourse urination
Try to urinate after sexual activity to flush out any bacteria that may have entered your urethra during sex.
Avoid holding urine
Try to urinate when you feel the urge instead of holding it for hours, which can raise your risk of infection.
Consider cranberry supplements
Some studies suggest that cranberry supplements can help prevent UTIs, but they’re not a sure thing. Talk to your doctor about whether they’re right for you.
When to see a doctor
You should seek medical care if your UTI symptoms don’t improve or get worse.
See a healthcare professional immediately if you experience:
- severe pain
- fever
- chills
- nausea
- vomiting
- blood in your urine
If you experience three or more UTIs in a year, you should talk to your doctor about prevention strategies.
In Conclusion
So, can a UTI make you feel bloated? The answer is yes, it can. Inflammation, digestive upset, and muscle tension related to a UTI can all contribute to that uncomfortable, puffy feeling.
It’s important to treat both the infection and the bloating that comes with it. Managing a UTI and related bloating includes treating the infection itself, finding ways to relieve your symptoms, and taking steps to prevent future UTIs.
And remember, if your symptoms are severe or don’t go away after treatment, talk to a healthcare provider.