Wasps and hornets are stinging insects that can be found pretty much anywhere you go. While they play a role in the ecosystem, nobody wants them building nests too close to home. A wasps or hornets nest near your house can pose a real threat.
So, how do you identify a wasp or hornet nest? What are the dangers they pose, and what can you do to get rid of them or, better yet, prevent them from building near you in the first place? This article will explore all of those questions.
Identifying Wasp and Hornet Species and Their Nests
Being able to tell wasps and hornets apart can help you figure out the best way to deal with them. Here’s a quick primer on how to identify them and their nests.
Distinguishing Wasps from Hornets
Wasps and hornets differ in size and color. Hornets tend to be larger than wasps. They also tend to have black and white markings, while wasps are often black and yellow. Hornets are generally more aggressive than wasps, and they have different nesting preferences.
Types of Wasp Nests
Paper wasps build nests with open combs that are often found under eaves and branches. Yellow jackets, on the other hand, build nests underground or in enclosed spaces. Their nests can vary in size.
Hornet Nest Characteristics
Hornet nests are typically large and enclosed, often football-shaped. You’ll often find them high in trees, inside hollow logs, or even up in your attic.
How do wasps and hornets build nests?
The whole process starts with a queen. After winter, she emerges and starts looking for a place to build. Once she chooses, she builds a small starter nest and lays her first eggs there.
When those eggs hatch, the larvae grow into worker wasps. The workers take over the jobs of building and finding food, so the queen can focus on laying more eggs. Throughout the season, the nest gets bigger and bigger as the colony grows.
Wasps and hornets go through four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The worker wasps do all the work of the colony. But towards the end of summer and into the fall, the colony starts producing new queens and males to mate. These new queens will then find places to hide over the winter and start their own nests the next year.
Dangers Associated with Wasp and Hornet Nests
While they play a role in the ecosystem, wasps and hornets can be dangerous, especially if they build nests near your home. Here’s what to watch out for:
Allergic Reactions to Stings
Some people have severe allergic reactions to wasp and hornet stings. This reaction, called anaphylaxis, can be life-threatening. Symptoms include difficulty breathing, swelling of the face and throat, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. If you experience these symptoms after a sting, seek immediate medical attention. If you know you’re allergic, carry an epinephrine auto-injector (EpiPen) and know how to use it.
Multiple stings increase the amount of venom in your system, raising the risk of a systemic reaction, even if you aren’t typically allergic.
Aggressive Behavior and Defensive Nesting
Wasps and hornets can become aggressive if their nest is disturbed. Vibrations, loud noises, and even getting too close can trigger an attack. They will swarm and sting to defend their nest.
Nest Location Risks
Nests near doorways, walkways, or play areas increase the chance of accidental encounters and stings. Nests inside walls or attics can be especially problematic, as wasps or hornets may find their way into your living spaces.
Safe Wasp and Hornet Nest Removal Strategies
If you discover a wasp or hornet nest on your property, you’re probably wondering how to get rid of it. Here are some strategies to consider.
When to Call a Professional
It’s always a good idea to call a professional pest control service for large nests or nests that are hard to reach. DIY removal can be risky, especially if you don’t know what you’re doing. If you have allergies or health concerns, it’s even more important to let a professional handle the problem.
DIY Removal Techniques (with caution)
If you decide to tackle the removal yourself, proceed with caution. Here are some tips:
- Time it right: Wasps and hornets are least active at dusk or dawn, so that’s the best time to attempt removal.
- Gear up: Wear protective clothing, including a suit, gloves, and mask, to prevent stings.
- Use insecticides carefully: Use a wasp and hornet spray specifically designed for this purpose. Follow the directions carefully, and take all safety precautions.
- Seal it up: After removal, seal the nest entrance to prevent the wasps or hornets from coming back. If you can reach the nest, remove it completely.
Natural or Alternative Removal Methods (with limited effectiveness)
Some people try natural deterrents like essential oils or certain plants to get rid of wasps and hornets. While these methods may have some effect, they’re generally not as effective or reliable as professional removal.
Summary
The best way to deal with wasps and hornets is to prevent them from building nests around your home in the first place. That means reducing anything that might attract them, like open garbage cans or sugary drinks left outside. You can also seal up any small openings in your home’s exterior that they might use to get inside.
Make it a habit to regularly inspect under the eaves of your roof, in your gutters, and in any other spots where wasps or hornets might like to build a nest. If you remove potential food sources and nesting sites, you’ll be less likely to have a problem.
Finally, if you do find a wasp or hornet nest on your property, it’s important to prioritize safety. Unless you have experience dealing with stinging insects, it’s best to call a professional pest control service to remove the nest. They have the equipment and expertise to do the job safely and effectively.