What is PU Leather?
Leather is a material that’s been around for centuries, used in everything from clothing and furniture to book bindings and saddles. But real leather can be expensive. Enter PU leather.
PU leather is a synthetic material designed to look and feel like real leather, but it’s made from polyurethane (PU), a type of plastic. It’s becoming a popular alternative to real leather because it’s often more affordable and can be a vegan-friendly option.
So, what does PU mean, exactly, when you see it listed as the material of a product? This article will give you a comprehensive overview of PU leather, looking at its properties, common uses, and how it stacks up against other materials, including real leather.
What is PU leather made of?
So, what exactly is PU leather? Let’s dig into the materials and manufacturing process.
What does PU stand for?
The “PU” in PU leather stands for polyurethane, a type of plastic polymer used in a huge range of products, from varnishes and adhesives to insulation and car parts.
PU leather is a composite material, meaning it’s made up of different components. It starts with a base fabric, usually polyester or cotton. A layer of polyurethane is then applied on top of the fabric.
How is PU leather manufactured?
The basic process is pretty straightforward: a layer of polyurethane is spread over a fabric backing. Once the polyurethane has been applied, it’s embossed — that is, stamped with a pattern — to give it the texture and appearance of real leather.
The quality and properties of the final product can vary, depending on factors like the thickness of the polyurethane coating and the depth of the embossing.
PU leather: Pros and cons
Like everything else, polyurethane leather has its advantages and disadvantages. Here are a few to consider.
Advantages of PU leather
- Cost-effectiveness. PU leather is significantly cheaper than real leather, making it an affordable material for a range of products.
- Aesthetic appeal. Polyurethane can be manufactured to mimic the look and feel of real leather. It’s available in an almost unlimited range of colors and styles, too.
- Ease of maintenance. PU leather is easy to clean with just mild soap and water. It tends to be more stain-resistant than real leather, too.
- Water resistance. Most PU leather is water-resistant, so it works well in a variety of applications.
- Vegan-friendly potential. If the backing material is cotton or some other plant-based product, PU leather can be a vegan alternative to real leather.
Disadvantages of PU Leather
- Durability concerns. Polyurethane isn’t as durable as real leather. Over time, it tends to crack and peel.
- Breathability issues. It doesn’t breathe as well as real leather, so clothing made from PU leather can be uncomfortable in hot weather.
- Environmental impact. Because its production involves chemicals and plastics, PU leather production raises environmental concerns.
- Smell. PU leather often has a plastic or chemical smell, especially when it’s new.
How to identify PU leather
Sometimes it’s hard to tell the difference between real leather and PU leather. Here’s what to look for:
- Visual Inspection: Real leather has irregular patterns and textures. PU leather tends to have a uniform, repeating pattern.
- Smell Test: Real leather has a distinctive smell. PU leather may smell like plastic or chemicals.
- Water Test: Real leather absorbs water. PU leather is less absorbent, and water tends to bead up on the surface.
- Price Consideration: PU leather is almost always less expensive than real leather.
- Label Check: Always check the label to see what the item is made of.
Types of PU leather and related terms
When you’re shopping for leather alternatives, you’ll run across a lot of terms. Here’s a quick guide to understanding what they mean.
Soft vs. premium PU leather
Soft PU leather is thinner and more pliable than premium PU leather. You’ll often find it in clothing and bags.
Premium PU is made to last longer and look more like real leather. It’s often used in higher-end items.
Faux leather and pleather
The terms “faux leather” and “pleather” generally refer to any kind of synthetic leather, and they often include PU leather.
PU leather vs. PVC leather (vinyl)
Polyurethane (PU) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are both plastics, but PU is more breathable and flexible than PVC.
Bonded leather and bicast leather
Bonded and bicast leathers are made from leftover scraps of real leather that are bonded together with plastic. Bonded and bicast leathers aren’t as high in quality as full-grain or top-grain leather.
PU leather vs. genuine leather: A detailed comparison
When you’re trying to decide between something made of PU leather and something made of real leather, it’s important to consider the differences between them.
Durability and longevity
Real leather is much tougher than PU leather and will typically last for years if you take good care of it. PU leather, on the other hand, is more likely to crack, peel, and tear, especially with heavy use.
Breathability and comfort
Real leather breathes better than PU leather, making it more comfortable to wear when the weather is warm. Because it doesn’t breathe as well, PU leather can trap moisture, which isn’t always ideal.
Maintenance and care
To keep it supple, real leather needs to be conditioned on a regular basis. PU leather is easier to clean, but it may require special cleaning products to avoid damage.
Aesthetic appeal and aging
Over time, real leather develops a “patina,” or a gentle change in color and texture that makes it look even better. PU leather doesn’t develop a patina, and wear and tear are often more obvious.
Environmental considerations
Both kinds of leather have an environmental impact. PU leather is made with chemicals and plastics, while real leather production involves raising livestock and tanning the hides.
Price
Generally, PU leather is significantly cheaper than real leather, which may be a deciding factor for some shoppers.
What is PU leather used for?
Because it’s relatively inexpensive to produce, PU leather has become a popular choice in many industries. Some common applications include:
- Clothing: Jackets, pants, and skirts are often made with PU leather. It offers a leather-like look at a lower price point.
- Accessories: Handbags, wallets, and belts are frequently made using PU leather, providing a fashionable and affordable alternative to genuine leather.
- Furniture: PU leather is used for upholstery on chairs, sofas, and other furniture. It’s easy to clean and maintain, making it a practical choice for families.
- Automotive Industry: Car seats and interior trim are often made with PU leather, offering a durable and stylish option for vehicle interiors.
- Shoes: Shoe uppers and linings benefit from the flexibility and water resistance of PU leather.
Is PU leather vegan?
PU leather can be vegan, assuming manufacturers don’t use any animal products in the process. It’s essential to check the product label carefully. Even if the outer layer is polyurethane, the backing material or adhesives could be animal-based.
Some manufacturers use recycled leather scraps to create the backing for PU leather. This is more common than you might think. If the product uses leather scraps, it’s not vegan.
If you’re committed to buying vegan products, it’s a good idea to contact the manufacturer to confirm that all components are 100% animal-free.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can you stop PU leather from peeling?
Once PU leather starts peeling, it’s pretty tough to reverse the damage entirely. However, you can try to slow down the process by keeping it clean, using a leather conditioner specifically designed for PU leather, and avoiding harsh chemicals or abrasive cleaners. Think of it as damage control rather than a complete fix.
How long can PU leather last?
The lifespan of PU leather really depends on how it’s used and how well you take care of it. Generally, you can expect it to last anywhere from 2 to 5 years with regular use. High-quality PU leather, with proper care, might even last a bit longer. Factors like exposure to sunlight, humidity, and friction can all impact its longevity.
Is PU leather as good as real leather?
That’s a tricky question! PU leather has its advantages – it’s more affordable, easier to clean, and doesn’t require animal hide. However, it’s generally not as durable, breathable, or luxurious as real leather. Real leather develops a unique patina over time, while PU leather tends to degrade. It really boils down to your priorities and budget.
What happens if PU leather gets wet?
If PU leather gets wet, it’s important to dry it off as soon as possible. Use a soft, absorbent cloth to gently blot away the moisture. Avoid using heat sources like a hairdryer, as this can damage the material. Allow it to air dry naturally. While PU leather is somewhat water-resistant, prolonged exposure to moisture can lead to cracking and peeling over time.
To Conclude
So, what does PU leather mean? It means you’re getting a material that’s designed to mimic the look and feel of genuine leather, often at a lower price point. It’s generally easier to clean, can be more consistent in appearance, and is considered a vegan alternative.
However, PU leather typically doesn’t last as long as real leather, and it lacks the same breathability and unique aging process. It can also have a more artificial feel.
When choosing between PU and genuine leather, consider what matters most to you. Think about your budget, how long you need the item to last, whether ethical considerations are a priority, and what kind of look and feel you prefer. By weighing these factors, you can make an informed decision that you’ll be happy with in the long run.