Cusco is the jumping-off point for the Sacred Valley and Machu Picchu, drawing travelers from all over the globe. But to think of Cusco as just a gateway to Machu Picchu is to sell it short. Cusco itself is steeped in history, culture, and natural beauty. It’s a destination in its own right!
One thing to keep in mind when you’re planning your trip: Cusco sits at a whopping 11,152 feet (3,399 meters) above sea level. So, acclimatizing to the altitude is key to having a good time. Take it easy when you first arrive, and maybe chat with your doctor beforehand about altitude sickness meds.
Ready to explore? This guide covers all the essential things to do in Cusco, where to stay, where to eat, and which day trips are worth your time. Get ready to make the most of your Cusco adventure!
Planning Your Trip to Cusco: Timing and Preparation
Once you’ve decided to visit Cusco, you’ll want to consider when to go, how long to stay, and how to adjust to the altitude.
Best Time to Visit
Cusco has two main seasons:
- Dry Season (May to October): If you’re looking for sunny days that are perfect for hiking and outdoor activities, this is the time to go. However, it’s also the busiest time, so expect higher prices and more tourists.
- Wet Season (November to April): You’ll likely encounter more rain, but the landscapes are incredibly lush and green. The upside is lower prices and fewer crowds. If you don’t mind a little rain, this can be a great time to visit.
Trip Length
To really experience Cusco, you’ll need to set aside some time. Plan on spending at least 2 to 3 days exploring the city’s main attractions. If you want to take day trips to Machu Picchu, the Sacred Valley, or other nearby destinations, you’ll need to add extra days to your itinerary.
Acclimatization
Cusco sits at a high altitude, so it’s important to give yourself time to adjust. Plan to spend a few days acclimatizing before you start any strenuous activities. Be sure to drink plenty of water, avoid alcohol, and eat light meals to help your body adjust.
Navigating Cusco: Transportation and Accommodation
Once you’ve decided to visit Cusco, you’ll need to figure out the best ways to get there, get around, and where to stay.
Getting to Cusco
You have two main options for arriving in Cusco:
- By air: A direct flight from Lima to Cusco will take about 90 minutes. The main airport is Alejandro Velasco Astete International Airport (CUZ).
- By bus: If you’re coming from another part of Peru, you can take a bus. It’s more affordable, but it will take much longer.
Getting Around Cusco
Once you’re in Cusco, here are a few ways to get around:
- Walking: The historic center of Cusco is very walkable, but be prepared for some steep hills.
- Taxis and ride-sharing: Taxis are easy to find and affordable for longer trips. Most fares within Cusco are around 8 soles (a little over $2 USD) or less. Uber and other ride-sharing services are also available.
- Colectivos: For destinations outside of Cusco, you can take a colectivo (shared van), which is a cheap way to get around.
Accommodation
Cusco has a wide range of lodging options, including hostels, hotels, and Airbnbs. Here are two popular areas to consider:
- Plaza de Armas: Staying near the Plaza de Armas puts you in a central location, close to many historical sites.
- San Blas: If you’re looking for a more local experience, the San Blas neighborhood is a great alternative to the tourist center. It’s known for its artisan workshops and bohemian vibe.
Exploring Cusco’s Historical Heart: Must-See Sights
Cusco is a city practically overflowing with history. If you’re looking to immerse yourself in that history, here are some must-see sights.
Plaza de Armas
The Plaza de Armas is the central square of Cusco. It’s a bustling place, surrounded by historical buildings. Find a spot, relax, and people-watch while sipping a cup of Peruvian coffee.
Qoricancha and Santo Domingo Church
Qoricancha, also known as the Golden Temple of the Sun, was once the most important temple in the Inca Empire. The Convento de Santo Domingo was built right on top of the temple ruins, making for a fascinating blend of Inca and Spanish architecture. Entry to Qoricancha costs 15 soles (about \$4 USD; students get in for 8 soles), while entry to the Santo Domingo Church is either free or 10 soles, depending on the day.
San Blas
San Blas is an artisan neighborhood known for its art galleries and bohemian vibe. It’s a great place to wander around and check out the artisan workshops. The Plaza San Blas is a smaller, more intimate square than the Plaza de Armas.
Sacsayhuamán
Sacsayhuamán is an Inca fortress that overlooks Cusco. The massive stone walls are impressive, and the panoramic views of the city are stunning. It’s within walking distance from Cusco’s city center.
Other notable sites
Here are a few other places you might want to check out:
- The 12-Angled Stone: A perfect example of Inca masonry.
- Convento La Merced: A beautiful church and monastery.
- Mirador de Plaza Sán Cristobal: A viewpoint overlooking the city.
- Qenqo: A religious site with cool rock formations.
- Tambomachay: Known as the Baths of the Inca, featuring impressive water channels.
- Puca Pucara: A red fortress thought to be a military complex.
Cusco’s Culinary Delights: Restaurants, Cafes, and Markets
Cusco is a feast for the senses, and that definitely includes your taste buds. Here’s a rundown of some of the best places to grab a bite or a beverage:
Plaza de Armas Dining
You’ll find several restaurants and cafes right on the Plaza de Armas. These places offer prime people-watching opportunities along with stunning views of the square itself.
San Blas Eateries
If you’re looking for a more relaxed, bohemian vibe, head to San Blas. This neighborhood is packed with charming restaurants and cafes.
San Pedro Market
For a true taste of local Peruvian life, you can’t miss the San Pedro Market. Here you can sample traditional dishes, fresh juices, and local produce. Be prepared for a bustling, authentic atmosphere – it’s not for the faint of heart, but it’s an incredible experience.
Vegetarian and Vegan Options
If you’re vegetarian or vegan, you’re in luck! Cusco has some great options. Green Point is a popular choice, known for its affordable and delicious vegetarian and vegan fare. As of June 2024, their almuerzo (lunch special) is around 30 soles.
Coffee Culture
Cusco’s coffee scene is thriving, with several coffee shops offering a “third-wave” atmosphere. If you’re a coffee lover, be sure to check out some of these spots.
Chocolate Tasting and Cooking Classes
And of course, no trip to Cusco would be complete without indulging in some chocolate! Consider taking a chocolate tasting or cooking class to learn more about this delicious Peruvian treat.
Day trips from Cusco: Exploring the Sacred Valley and beyond
Cusco is the perfect jumping-off point for all sorts of day trips. Here are a few of the most popular:
Machu Picchu: The Lost City of the Incas
If you’re traveling all the way to Cusco, you absolutely have to see Machu Picchu. It’s doable as a day trip, but it’ll be a long day. To get to Aguas Calientes at the base of Machu Picchu, you’ll take a bus or taxi to Ollantaytambo (about 1.5 hours), then board a train for another 1.5 hours.
The bus up to the Machu Picchu site from Aguas Calientes is about 30 minutes.
Consider booking a guided tour that handles all the transportation for you.
Sacred Valley: Inca sites and scenery
The Sacred Valley, near Cusco, is home to a number of Inca ruins and charming towns. Three of the most popular sites are Pisac, Ollantaytambo, and Chinchero.
A day trip to the Sacred Valley will take about 45 minutes to 1.5 hours of travel time from Cusco.
Ausangate: Ausangate 7 Lakes
This is a tough but gratifying day hike to see the breathtaking Ausangate 7 Lakes. Plan for a 14- to 15-hour day if you book a tour from Cusco.
South Valley: A less-traveled route
The South Valley isn’t as crowded as the Sacred Valley, so it’s a good alternative if you’re looking for a more peaceful experience. A South Valley day trip from Cusco averages about eight hours.
Rainbow Mountain: Vinicunca
Another popular but physically demanding day trip, Rainbow Mountain (Vinicunca) is known for its vibrant colors.
Boleto Turistico: Access to sites
If you’re planning to visit a number of sites in Cusco and the Sacred Valley, consider purchasing the Boleto Turistico, which gives you access to many of the most popular attractions.
Immerse yourself in Cusco’s culture: museums and festivals
Beyond the stunning landscapes and ancient ruins, Cusco pulses with vibrant culture. Make time to explore the city’s museums and, if you’re lucky, catch a festival for an unforgettable experience.
Museums and Exhibitions
Cusco boasts a variety of museums, each offering a glimpse into Peru’s rich history and traditions:
- Centro de Textiles Tradicionales del Cusco: Delve into the intricate world of Andean textiles and learn about the traditional weaving techniques passed down through generations.
- Coca Museum: Uncover the fascinating history and diverse uses of the coca plant, a staple in Andean culture for centuries.
- Museo de Arte Pre-Colombino: Journey back in time and admire a remarkable collection of pre-Columbian art and artifacts.
- Pisco Museum: Indulge in a tasting experience and discover the art of Peruvian cocktail making.
Inti Raymi: Festival of the Sun
If you happen to be in Cusco around June 24th, don’t miss Inti Raymi, the Festival of the Sun. This spectacular event is a re-enactment of an ancient Inca ceremony honoring the sun god, featuring colorful costumes, traditional music, and captivating performances.
Cusco Planetarium
For a different kind of cultural experience, head to the Cusco Planetarium and gaze at the stars. This unique attraction offers a fascinating perspective on the constellations and the Inca’s connection to the cosmos.
To Conclude
Cusco is more than just the place you fly into before heading to Machu Picchu. It’s a vibrant city bursting with history, culture, and some truly spectacular sights.
From the awe-inspiring architecture of Sacsayhuamán to the irresistible flavors of cuy, and from the bustling energy of the Plaza de Armas to the serene beauty of the surrounding mountains, Cusco offers something for every traveler.
To make the most of your trip, remember to give yourself time to adjust to the altitude. Plan your itinerary with a mix of must-see attractions and opportunities to wander and explore. And most of all, embrace the local culture – try new foods, learn a few phrases in Quechua, and connect with the warm and welcoming people of Cusco.
Whether you’re marveling at ancient ruins, haggling for souvenirs in a local market, or simply sipping coca tea while watching the world go by, Cusco is a city that will stay with you long after you’ve left. So, pack your bags, prepare for an adventure, and get ready to be enchanted by the magic of this high-altitude gem.