White spots on your teeth are a common cosmetic issue. Plenty of people have them and they can be a source of self-consciousness.
It’s not uncommon to feel like white spots detract from your smile.
So, what causes these spots? What can you do about them? And, most importantly, how do you remove white spots on teeth for good?
This article will cover all of that, from simple fixes to more involved procedures.
What Causes White Spots on Teeth?
White spots on your teeth can be caused by a number of factors, some of which occur while the teeth are developing, and some of which occur later.
Developmental Factors
- Dental fluorosis. This condition is caused by getting too much fluoride while your teeth are forming, usually between the ages of one and eight. Fluoridated water, fluoride toothpaste, and fluoride supplements can all contribute to fluorosis.
- Enamel hypoplasia. This condition is caused by a defect in the way the enamel forms. Genetics, nutritional deficiencies, and some childhood illnesses can contribute to it.
Acquired Factors
- Demineralization. The loss of minerals from your tooth enamel can cause white spots. Demineralization is usually caused by plaque buildup and acid production from bacteria. It’s often seen after orthodontic treatment because it can be difficult to thoroughly clean around braces. Demineralization is a form of decalcification.
- Dietary factors. Eating and drinking lots of sugary or acidic foods and drinks can erode enamel and contribute to demineralization.
- Other factors. Dehydration, some medications (including certain antibiotics), smoking during pregnancy, and high fevers may play a role in the development of white spots on teeth.
How do you know what caused the white spots?
It’s important to see a dentist to figure out why you have white spots on your teeth. There are several potential causes, and choosing the right treatment depends on knowing the underlying issue.
When you see your dentist, he or she will consider your age, medical history, and dental hygiene. The dentist will also do a clinical exam of your teeth.
It’s important to differentiate between fluorosis, enamel hypoplasia, and demineralization, as each condition needs a different treatment approach.
Treatment Options for Removing White Spots
If you’re bothered by white spots on your teeth, there are several ways to address them. Your dentist can help you decide which approach is best for you.
Minimally Invasive Treatments
These treatments aim to improve the appearance of white spots without removing much of the tooth’s natural enamel.
- Topical Fluoride: Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and encourages remineralization. You can find it in toothpaste and mouthwash, or your dentist can apply a higher concentration of fluoride in the office.
- Enamel Microabrasion: This technique gently removes a very thin layer of the affected enamel. It’s most effective for white spots that are only on the surface of the tooth. In fact, microabrasion has been shown to eliminate about 90% of superficial white spots.
- Resin Infiltration (Icon Treatment): This involves filling the porous enamel with a resin that improves the tooth’s appearance. Resin infiltration has a high success rate, reducing white stains in about 95% of cases.
More Invasive Treatments
These treatments involve altering the tooth’s structure more significantly.
- Teeth Whitening: Sometimes, whitening the entire tooth can make white spots less noticeable. Professional whitening treatments are often effective at reducing the appearance of white spots in about 80% of cases.
- Composite Resin: Your dentist can fill in small areas of discoloration with a tooth-colored composite resin.
- Dental Veneers: These thin porcelain shells are bonded to the front of your teeth. Veneers are typically used when there’s more extensive discoloration or damage to the tooth.
Preventing white spots
The best way to deal with white spots is to avoid getting them in the first place! Here’s how:
- Practice good oral hygiene. Brush at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, floss daily, and consider using an antimicrobial mouthwash.
- Change your diet. Eat fewer sugary and acidic foods and drinks, and more foods with calcium.
- Use fluoride carefully. Young children especially should only use the recommended amount of fluoride toothpaste. Watch how much fluoride you’re getting from all sources.
- Clean carefully during orthodontic treatment. If you have braces, pay special attention to cleaning around them. Keep going to all your orthodontist appointments, too.
In Closing
If you have white spots on your teeth, it’s important to see a dentist for a diagnosis and treatment plan.
You may be able to prevent white spots by practicing good oral hygiene, eating a nutritious diet, and using fluoride appropriately.
Your dentist is the best person to advise you on how to remove white spots and keep your teeth healthy and bright.